Gukjagam
| Korean spelling | |
|---|---|
| Korean alphabet : | 국자감 |
| Hanja : | 國子監 |
| Revised Romanization : | Gukjagam |
| McCune-Reischauer : | Kukchagam |
The Gukjagam (Kukchagam) was the highest national educational institution in the Kingdom of Goryeo . The name changed several times, most recently it was called Songgyungwan .
history
The highest state educational institutions existed on the Korean Peninsula already at the time of the Three Kingdoms . 372 was in Goguryeo the Taehak founded 682 in Silla the Gukhak . There are no remnants of these, however.
After the expansion of the Kingdom of Goryeo over the entire Korean Peninsula, King Seongjong founded Gukjagam as the highest state educational institution in the then capital of Gaegyeong ( Kaesŏng ) in 992 . Their headquarters had the first academy in the south of Kaesong near the Hoebin gate in the exterior wall , in 1087 it moved to its longtime headquarters in the today Koryo Songgyungwan mentioned building complex in the northeast of the city. The academy was expanded under King Injong (r. 1122–1146). She has taught Confucian classics, Chinese literature, law, calligraphy, math, and accounting.
The educational institution has had different names throughout its history. After several renaming it was called Songgyungwan from 1308 to 1358 and again from 1362 .
After the Joseon dynasty took power and the capital was moved to Hanseong ( Seoul ), a new highest state educational institution was established there in 1398, which was also called Seonggyungwan and which later became the Sungkyunkwan University .
The facility in Kaes Einrichtungng remained in place, but lost much of its importance. It later became the Koryo Songgyungwan University , also known as the University of Light Industry . Its former seat, Koryo Songgyungwan , has housed the Goryeo Museum since 1987 .
Names
The educational institution has been renamed several times in its history. The most important names are:
- 992 Gukjagam
- 1275 Gukhak
- 1298 Seonggyungam
- 1308 Seonggyungwan
- 1358 Gukjagam again
- 1362 again Seonggyungwan , after 1398 also Goryeo Seonggyungwan
literature
- Keith Pratt, Richard Rutt: Korea - A Historical and Cultural Dictionary . Curzon Press, 1999, ISBN 0-7007-0464-7 , pp. 247 (English, google.de ).
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Ed.): NOMINATION of THE HISTORIC MONUMENTS AND SITES IN KAESONG for Inscription on the World Heritage List . 2013, p. 51-59, 128 f., 164 f . (English, whc.unesco.org [PDF; 18.9 MB ] nomination letter).