Domestic violence in Russia

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domestic violence is a widespread problem in Russia . In large parts of Russian society, however, domestic violence has not been and is not perceived as such.

Reliable data on the exact number of victims of domestic violence do not exist, but human rights organizations estimate that every third woman in the Russian Federation suffers violence from her partner or husband at least once in her life.

Situation in Russia

There is currently (as of the end of 2019) no special law against domestic violence in Russia. Since the mid-1990s, women's rights organizations have been trying to improve the situation and create a law against domestic violence, as exists in 145 other countries in the world and in most of the former USSR states - but with 42 failed bills , Russia is still unsuccessful .

According to Russian state statistics, in 2015 there were almost 50,000 crimes involving violence within the family. In almost 36,000 of them, the violence was directed against a woman. According to Amnesty International , around 36,000 women in Russia are mistreated by their partners every day. According to regional studies, around 600,000 women are beaten in Russia every year.

According to the United Nations , 14,000 women are killed by their husbands / partners or other relatives each year in Russia. In addition, 3000 women killed their partner, in 90% of the cases the women tried to escape domestic violence on the part of their partner.

According to the Russian Interior Ministry, 40% of all violent crimes in Russia happen within your own four walls. Over two-thirds of premeditated murders and grievous bodily harm occur within the family. Domestic violence against women exists in Russia in every social class and in every ethnic group. Alcoholism, poverty or the precarious housing conditions in many places often contribute to the propensity to use violence.

The influence of alcohol

In a 2004 study of domestic violence in the Central Black Earth Region of Russia, 77% of offenders (violent crimes committed by family members) were frequent drinkers, 12 percent drank regularly (three or four times a month), 30 percent three or four times a week more and 35 percent every day or almost every day.

Civil protection

Despite many attempts at reform, there is so far no violence protection law in Russia , according to which civil courts could issue a dismissal, expulsion from home or a ban on contact.

Official Statistics (2008)

Official statistics for 2008:

  • Domestic violence occurs in one in four families.
  • Two thirds of premeditated murders are committed within the family.
  • Up to 40 percent of all serious violent crimes are committed by family members of the victim.

Amending Act of 7 February 2017 on the decriminalization of domestic violence

In March 2017, President Vladimir Putin signed a law amending Article 116 of the Russian Criminal Code (StGB RF). This change meant that attacks on “close relatives” such as spouses, birth and adopted children, parents, grandparents, grandchildren or siblings, which cause pain, bruises or abrasions, but do not leave permanent damage, are no longer threatened with criminal penalties , but only represent an administrative offense. Bodily harm in the family can be punished as an administrative offense with fines of up to 30,000 rubles (the equivalent of approx. 500 euros) or with custody for up to 15 days, in the case of recurrence as a criminal offense with arrest for up to three months. Assault with slight damage to health in accordance with Art. 115 Paragraph 1 StGB RF against anyone is punished with arrest for up to 4 months, assault with or without slight damage to health for rowdy motives or political, ideological, racist, national or religious hatred towards anyone in accordance with Art. 115 Para. 2 or Art. 116 StGB RF with imprisonment of up to 2 years. Art. 115 and Art. 116 StGB RF are criminal offenses .

Social condemnation of domestic violence by age group

In a telephone survey carried out by the State University of Saint Petersburg in 2019, the following percentage of age groups agreed that domestic violence was a dangerous crime, out of 1,665 respondents
18-25 years 26 - 35 years 36 - 45 years 46 - 55 years 56 - 65 years from 66 years
70.4% 66.9% 64.2% 54.0% 51.1% 43.0%

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Christina Hebel: Murders of women in Russia: Where violence is at home . In: Spiegel Online . December 18, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed December 19, 2019]).
  2. ↑ Остановим домашнее насилие! Accessed December 19, 2019 (German).
  3. ↑ Luzia Tschirky: Russia: One-time beating by the family becomes a trivial matter . In: The time . January 25, 2017, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed December 19, 2019]).
  4. ↑ a b Controversial Law: Russia Relaxes Penalties for Domestic Violence . In: Spiegel Online . February 7, 2017 ( spiegel.de [accessed December 19, 2019]).
  5. ↑ Russian Federation: Violence against Women's rights's rightss rights's rights's rights's rights - time to act - Amnesty International UK
  6. ↑ Christina Hebel: Domestic violence in Russia: That bit of beating . In: Spiegel Online . February 4, 2017 ( spiegel.de [accessed December 19, 2019]).
  7. ↑ a b МВД: ежегодно около 14 тысяч женщин погибает от рук мужей. Retrieved December 19, 2019 (Russian).
  8. ↑ Violence and Alcohol in the Russian Federation - euro.who.int (PDF; 526 kB)
  9. ↑ Christina Hebel: Murders of women in Russia: Where violence is at home Der Spiegel , December 18, 2019
  10. ↑ Thielko Grieß: Domestic violence in Russia: Orthodox defend themselves against the protection of victims Deutschlandfunk , November 29, 2019
  11. ↑ Комитет ГД по охране здоровья. Retrieved December 19, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Reform of Russian Criminal Law - Is Domestic Violence Legal Now? Ostinstitut Wismar, February 28, 2017