Haber's rule

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The Haber's rule is in the toxicology used mathematical relationship between the concentration of a toxic substance and the duration of administration, or exposure , this poison. Haber's rule is named after the German chemist Fritz Haber , who first established this dose-duration relationship when exposed to poisonous gases , including phosgene .

Concentration × duration = constant

Fig. 1 Graphic representation of Haber's rule

Haber’s rule states that a constant product of concentration (c) and duration (t) corresponds to a constant biological effect (k):

The biological effect can be a disease (e.g. cancer ) or the death of the exposed living being.

In other words, Haber's rule states that identical products in terms of concentration and duration of administration lead to the same effect. This means that if a subliminally toxic dose is constantly added, the toxicity increases over time.

The hyperbolic curve shape results in the diagram (see Figure 1) with linearly scaled axes . In a double logarithmic representation, however, a straight line.

In the Anglo-Saxon literature, the terms Haber's Law and Haber's Rule are used for Haber's rule .

Examples

Examples of the validity and applicability of Haber's rule are tobacco smoking with the effect of lung cancer and the effect of ionizing radiation on body tissue ( ultraviolet radiationskin cancer ).

restrictions

Haber's rule is only applicable in the case of irreversible effects of summation poisons (also called accumulation poisons or c · t poisons) such as lead , mercury and all carcinogenic substances . In the case of vital trace elements such as selenium or zinc , the rule fails completely at low concentrations. In the case of concentration poisons such as carbon dioxide , Haber's rule is also not applicable.

See also

Druckrey-Küpfmüller equation

Individual evidence

  1. F. Haber: On the history of the gas war. In: Five lectures from the years 1920-1923 Julius Springer, 1924.
  2. H. Druckrey and K. Küpfmüller: Quantitative analysis of cancer development. In: Journal of Nature Research B . 3, 1948, pp. 254–266 ( PDF , free full text).

literature

Web links