Hadès (rocket)
| Hadès (rocket) | |
|---|---|
| General Information | |
| Type | Short-range missile |
| Local name | Hades |
| NATO designation | Hades |
| Country of origin |
 France
|
| Manufacturer | Aérospatiale |
| development | 1984 |
| Commissioning | 1992 |
| Working time | Developed completely but not deployed. |
| Technical specifications | |
| length | 7.50 m |
| diameter | 530 mm |
| Combat weight | 1860 kg |
| drive | Solid rocket engine |
| speed | 1250 m / s |
| Range | 450-480 km |
| Furnishing | |
| steering | Inertial navigation system |
| Warhead | 1 TN-90 nuclear warhead 80–100 kt |
| Detonator | Programmed detonator |
| Weapon platforms | Trucks |
| Lists on the subject | |
Hadès was the name of a short - range nuclear missile used by the French army during the Cold War .
development
In 1975, studies began to replace the Pluton short-range missile , based on which development began in July 1984 at Aérospatiale (now EADS ), which was completed in 1992. During this time, the planned number of units was reduced from 120 hadès to 30 with 15 launch vehicles. Before the end of development, the decision was made in 1991 not to put the Hadès system into service. The 20 to 25 guided missiles already produced were initially stored together with the launch vehicles in a depot in Lunéville . In 1996/97, as a concession by France to the START agreement between the USA and Russia, all Hadès missiles were scrapped.
technology
Hades was on a semi-trailer type Renault R380 installed. Each vehicle was armed with two Hadès missiles. This made the launch ramps highly mobile and quick to lay. A minimum reaction time from full speed - up to the rocket launch - of less than 10 minutes was achieved. The two rockets could be launched at an interval of 30 seconds. The Hadès was powered by a high-energy solid propellant from the company SNPE (now Nexter Systems ). The electronics and the inertial navigation platform were developed by SAGEM . Hadès achieved a maximum firing distance of 450-480 km at a burn-out speed of over 1250 m / s (4500 km / h). The apogee here was 150 km. The minimum shooting distance was 60 km. Depending on the firing distance, a scattering circle radius ( CEP ) of 100–200 m was achieved. Hades was armed with a TN-90 nuclear warhead with an explosive power of 80-100 kt . The warhead could be ignited in the air or on contact with the ground.
In addition to the Hadès with a nuclear warhead, a version with a conventional warhead was also considered. This version should optionally be equipped with a fragmentation warhead or with bomblets (submunition). In addition, should GPS - satellite navigation system to be used. With this Hadès should achieve a scattering circle radius (CEP) of 5–50 m. The maximum shooting distance of this version was 250 km. This Hadès version remained in the conception phase and was not developed.
Criticism from a German point of view
The concept of the Hadès missile immediately met with massive criticism from the German government and the public as soon as its short range of only 480 km became known: the 120 planned missiles could only carry their nuclear warheads into German territory in the event of an emergency, at most to the Polish or Czechoslovak western border . In the event of an emergency, Germany might have become a nuclear battlefield in front of France.
Web links
- Hades in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Missile Index: Hadès
- ↑ a b Missilethreat: Hadès
- ↑ a b c d e Forecast International: Hadès Program Review (pdf)
- ↑ a b Topwar: Tactical missile system Hadès (France)
- ↑ Military Today: Hadès
- ↑ http://www.zeit.de/1991/37/laehmung-in-paris Article 1991 in Die Zeit about detuning Paris-Bonn
- Jump up ↑ Last Warning Weapon . In: Der Spiegel . No. 33 , 1991, pp. 20 ( Online - Aug. 12, 1991 ).