Haina (royal court)
| Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Castle area on the outskirts of Haina (2011) |
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| Creation time : | after 1000 | |
| Castle type : | Valley edge castle | |
| Conservation status: | Ramparts and ditches | |
| Standing position : | Royal administration | |
| Place: | Haina | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 59 '12.6 " N , 10 ° 30' 49.1" E | |
| Height: | 300 m above sea level NN | |
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The royal court of Haina was a castle complex in the area of today's rural community Nessetal ( Haina = Hagen).
location
The Königshof Haina is located in Haina in the Gotha district , between the Hörselberge and the Hainich . The community of Haina is based on the castle and is located on a steep hill to the right of the Nesse . The castle is still visible in the remains of the wall.
history
The castle and the place were probably founded at the same time. From the similarity of the complex (main castle with two outer castles) with the royal palace Werla and the fact that King Konrad II. 1033 and King Heinrich IV. 1069 in Haina, Paul Grimm deduces that Haina is a palace-like castle and road station of the German kings was.
King Konrad gave gifts to the Fulda monastery from his inheritance in Haina. After 1015 there is evidence of a Haina curia belonging to the imperial abbey of Fulda, plus 120 Slavs, including Schildmacher.
1191–97 a bailiwick is called Haina; Heinrich and Diether Hagin appear as ministerials. Apart from the lords of Haina, who flourished until the 16th century, the lords of Sonneborn , those of Erffa and of Wangenheim were Fulda fiefs. From the latter, the feudal sovereignty came in 1321 to the Counts of Orlamünde , and in 1347 to the Thuringian Landgraves .
The Haina market is named 1273 and 1295. Its significance as a market is also evident from the "Hainaer Maßen" (dialect Heeger Maassen), which were valid in the area until the beginning of the 19th century. The importance of Hainas in the Middle Ages is indicated by the fact that there were eight chapels there before the Reformation.
In 1738 the von Uechtritz took over most of the town from the Lords of Wangenheim. When the Wangenheim courts in Haina were moved to Behringen in 1708 , the execution of the blood courts remained here. In the 1.5-west km Haina located "castle", a Wallenburg , Grimm believes a Carolingian castle to protect the Imperial Forest and see the streets, in the "old farm", a small wall area on the left Nesseufer between "Burg "and" Schlösschen ", the seat of a custos forestis of the Fulda monastery.
literature
- Peter Donat: The "castle" near Haina, Kr. Gotha . In: Old Thuringia . tape 26 . Beier & Beran, 1991, p. 207-226 .
- Michael Gockel: The German royal palaces: Repertory of the palaces, royal courts and other places of residence of the kings in the German empire of the Middle Ages . Ed .: Max Planck Institute for History. 2: Thuringia. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2000, ISBN 3-525-36515-2 , pp. 185 f., 194 .
- Paul Grimm : On the relationship between the Palatinate and the market settlement in Haina, district of Gotha . In: Excavations and finds: News sheet of the state archeology . tape 5 , 1960, ISSN 0004-8127 , pp. 247-251 .
- Grimm, Paul: Five prehistoric castles near Haina, district of Gotha. In: Supplements to the Bonner Jahrbücher, Vol. 10 / II (Festschrift Kurt Tackenberg ), pp. 285–296.
- Hans-Hermann Müller: The animal remains from the "castle" near Haina, Kr. Gotha . In: Contributions to archeozoology . No. 8 , 1996, pp. 26-50 .