Hallandia
Hallandia is a Swedish rock that is quarried north of Halmstad in Halland County in southwest Sweden. The rock is one of the migmatites and has been extracted in numerous quarries between Halmstad and Falkenberg since 1875 . Hallandia originated in the Precambrian 920 million years ago .
Surname
The natural stone was given regional names of localities or landmarks, such as Bårarp , Vastad and Nortorp . The name Hallandia has established itself as a name. Another common name is Halmstad . This name is used as a collective name for the rock from various quarries.
If Hallandia was offered as a tombstone - especially in Northern Germany - with rough surfaces or for other uses, it was given various trade names such as Nordland boulder , sea rocks , Baltic Sea rocks and others.
geology
Southwest Sweden is part of the Baltic Shield , which stretches across Sweden, Finland and Norway . It is an old basement which, as a result of tectonic movements, pushed granite and sediments into the lower earth's crust, whereby these were exposed to heat and pressure, melted and lost their original structure. It can happen that a rock is overprinted several times. Gneisses with a directional structure, which are known as mixed gneisses or migmatites, were created from grainy granites and sediments and / or sedimentary rocks .
Migmatites are composed of two rocks, an orthogneiss , which arose from the igneous rocks , and a paragneiss , which arose from the sediments and / or sedimentary rocks.
Rock description and mineral inventory
Hallandia contains up to 40% red potassium feldspar , only 5% light gray plagioclase and 25% smoky quartz . Hornblende occurs from 5 to 7% and biotite only in very small amounts. Hallandia shows flow structures, bands and lenses in an alternating color scheme from black, gray, red to red-brown and an alternation of light and dark stripes. The intense color and texture change is typical for Hallandia.
use
Hallandia is only mined in a few quarries. One of the largest is at Bårarp with an annual production of 5000 m² annually, the one in Sweden as Hallandia Bårarp . referred to as.
Hallandia is frost-resistant and can be polished. It is used for interior and exterior construction as facade panels, stair and floor coverings, for window sills, vanities and kitchen countertops ; also in Sweden as a wall and water building block.
Bridge in Halmstad from Hallandia
Hallandia as a water stone for the bank reinforcement in Halmstad
Individual evidence
- ^ Friedrich Müller: INSK compact. The international natural stone index for the current market . Sheet 44.1., Migmatit Halmstad. Ebner Verlag, Ulm 1977
- ^ Kristallin.de : The most important structures in the Baltic Shield, accessed on May 14, 2011
- ↑ Karlfried Fuchs: Natural stones from all over the world, discover, determine, use. Callwey, sheet 129. sheet 128. Munich 1997, ISBN 3-7667-1267-5
- ↑ emmabodagranit.se : Hallandia Bårarp , in English, accessed on May 15, 2011