Neck cord from Bunsoh

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The neck string of Bunsoh is a textile braided from the bog of Bunsoh at Albersdorf in Dithmarschen . Presumably it is the edging of the neckline of a bygone linen smock from the bog corpse of Bunsoh .

Hem replica
Scheme

Research history

In 1890 peat workers came across human bones in the Bunsoher Moor. The badly crumbled corpse was carefully exposed. Except for the woolen braid around the neck, the corpse was naked. The corpse's skull appeared to have been smashed. A number of sharpened birch stakes were positioned around the corpse, connected by birch twigs. At first, the woolen braid was interpreted as the cord of a collar of a delinquent condemned to death, on whom he was led or strangled.

  • The first scientific treatment of the neck cord took place in 1907 by the archaeologist Johanna Mestorf . She tried in vain to determine the course of the thread and failed attempts to tie the neck cord. Johanna Mestorf found, however, that the braid would dissolve under tensile load and would therefore be unsuitable for tying or choking.
  • The second processing of the neck cord took place in 1941 by Irmingard Fuhrmann. She managed to determine the course of the thread within the braid. She found that the thread was often pierced in the twist and therefore crocheting , knitting or braiding techniques were ruled out. Fuhrmann published thread flow diagrams and tied replicas of the neck cord. Fuhrmann confirmed Mestorf's assumption that the cord was not suitable for tying and interpreted it as a necklace.
  • Further edits were made by Karl Schlabow in the middle of the 20th century, who recapitulated the previous findings.
  • In 2006, Heinke Arnold and Erika Drews reworked it. They started from the assumption that it could be a hem seam of a piece of clothing from the past. So this could be the woolen neckline of a linen coat that has been decomposed by the acidic environment of the high moor . They were able to rework the neck cord in all details and work out conclusive evidence of the function of the neck cord as an edging of a neckline.

description

The neck cord is preserved in two fragments with a total length of about 59 cm. Fragment 1 is 342 mm long and Fragment 2 is 246 mm long. The approximately 0.3 to 0.6 mm thick threads are carefully spun in a sharp Z twist and then twisted in an S twist. The braid is made using a complicated needle binding technique. To do this, the thread is pierced with a needle from the inside through the fabric edge to the outside and passed over the fabric edge again from the inside at regular intervals through the fabric to the outside. In the further course of the process, the thread returning over the edge of the fabric is passed several times in regular patterns over and under the previous loops. On the inside of the garment, the threads lie in an even arrangement, whereas on the outside the threads are divided into groups of three due to the interweaving. On the ridge of the fabric edge, the threads form an even, decorative braided pattern.

The original color of the wool, which is now medium to dark brown due to storage in the moor acids, has not been investigated. The length of 59 cm corresponds to the circumference of a neckline of clothing that can be pulled over the head of an adult. Based on 14 C-AMS examinations , an age around AD 600 can be assumed.

The neck cord from Bunsoh and the remains of the bog body are kept in the Schleswig-Holstein State Museum Schloss Gottorf in Schleswig .

literature

  • Johanna Mestorf : Moor corpses: The moor corpse from Bunsoh in Süderdithmarschen . In: Report of the Schleswig-Holstein Museum of Patriotic Antiquities . tape 44 , 1907, pp. 15-17 .
  • Irmingard Fuhrmann: The neck cord from Bunsoh . In: Offa, reports and communications from the Museum of Prehistoric Antiquities in Kiel . tape 6/7 (1941/42) .
  • Karl Schlabow : Textile finds from the Iron Age in Northern Germany . In: Göttingen writings on prehistory and early history . tape 15 . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1976, ISBN 3-529-01515-6 , pp. 16 .
  • Heinke Arnold, Erika Drews: The so-called neck cord from Bunsoh . In: Experimental Archeology in Europe Balance 2007 . No. 5 . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89995-447-0 , p. 135–443 ( steinzeitpark-albersdorf.de [PDF; 223 kB ; accessed on March 16, 2014]).

Web link

  • Volker Arnold: Finds in and under the moor. In: Changing moorland. Museum Albersdorf, accessed on April 2, 2014 (information board on bog finds).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Heinke Arnold, Erika Drews: The so-called neck cord from Bunsoh . In: Experimental Archeology in Europe Balance 2007 . No. 5 . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-89995-447-0 , p. 135–443 ( steinzeitpark-albersdorf.de [PDF; 223 kB ; accessed on March 16, 2014]). steinzeitpark-albersdorf.de ( Memento of the original from March 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / museum.steinzeitpark-albersdorf.de
  2. ^ Johanna Mestorf : Moor corpses: The moor corpse of Bunsoh in Süderdithmarschen . In: Report of the Schleswig-Holstein Museum of Patriotic Antiquities . tape 44 , 1907, pp. 15-17 .
  3. ↑ Irmingard Fuhrmann: The neck cord of Bunsoh . In: Offa, reports and communications from the Museum of Prehistoric Antiquities in Kiel . tape 6/7 (1941/42) .
  4. ^ Karl Schlabow : Textile finds from the Iron Age in northern Germany . In: Göttingen writings on prehistory and early history . tape 15 . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1976, ISBN 3-529-01515-6 , pp. 16 .
  5. ↑ Johannes van der Plicht, Wijnand van der Sanden , AT Aerts, HJ Streurman: Dating bog bodies by means of 14 C-AMS . In: Journal of Archaeological Science . tape 31 , no. 4 , 2004, ISSN  0305-4403 , p. 471–491 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jas.2003.09.012 (English, ub.rug.nl [PDF; 388 kB ; accessed on June 2, 2010]). see No. 22: Bunsoh (1890)

Coordinates: 54 ° 9 ′ 10.5 ″  N , 9 ° 20 ′ 27.8 ″  E