Hamburg National Club

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The Hamburg National Club was a nationalist gentlemen's club founded in 1919 , the majority of which came from the Hanseatic circle .

The club

Mainly entrepreneurs, merchants, bankers, senior officers, high officials, lawyers, physicians and pastors gathered in the club. Gustav Adolf von Wulffen was the managing director in 1924 . In 1929 there were 503 members. Women were not permitted as members. The annual fee was 30 Reichsmarks . In the Hotel Atlantic regular meetings took place.

The members of the national club firmly opposed the revolution of 1918 and fought the Weimar Republic . The club saw the most important task in the "renewal of national consciousness". The club's statutes say:

"The purpose of the association is to strengthen the national feeling and deepen the understanding of state-political, especially economic tasks of the German Reich ."

The club was linked personally and ideologically to numerous other national clubs, especially the Berlin national club . The club regularly invited leading figures to speak. Among them were, for example, Alfred von Tirpitz , Heinrich Claß , Erich Ludendorff , the Reich Chancellor Hans Luther , Reich Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann , Hjalmar Schacht and Hans von Seeckt . Topics were, for example: “Völkische Abwehr und Aufbauppolitik” (Wulle, 1922), “Deutsche Volksgemeinschaft” (v. Gayl, 1924), “We and the East” (Volck, 1922), “What can we do to find a solution prepare for the Austrian question? ”(Ebert, 1922).

Board members

In April 1930 there were 8 board members, including:

The Hamburg National Club and the NSDAP

After the re-establishment of the NSDAP in 1925, it enjoyed benevolent support in the Hanseatic circles . On February 28, 1926, Adolf Hitler was able to perform in front of the Hamburg National Club and was greeted by Vorwerk:

“Words of introduction are actually unnecessary for the guest we have the honor to see with us this evening. ... His manly advocacy for his convictions has earned him respect, admiration and admiration in the broadest circles. We are very happy that he has come to see us this evening. The club members have also expressed this joy by attending so many this evening. ... Today's event is more popular than perhaps no other event at the club. "

Hitler spoke to the club again on December 1, 1930. In 1931 Joseph Goebbels was invited to speak.

A record has been preserved of Hitler's speech in 1926. In this speech Hitler recommended himself to the exclusive Hamburg bourgeoisie as a savior from Marxism . Hitler stated:

"We have 15 million who are consciously and deliberately anti-national , and as long as these 15 million, who represent the most lively and active part, are not returned to the lap of a common national feeling and feeling, any talk of re-emergence and revival is gossip without any meaning . […] From this knowledge the movement was founded which I am trying to make great and to bring up. Your task is very narrowly defined: the shattering and destruction of the Marxist worldview. "

The historian Werner Jochmann judges that financial resources of the NSDAP did not flow from the club in all probability, but from individual members. But the Gauleiter of the NSDAP in Hamburg Albert Krebs reports in his memoirs that the Hamburg Gauleitung "temporarily pursued the plan to buy up the 'Hamburger Nachrichten' with donations from the 'National Club'"

As a monarchist and anti-democrat, Max von Schinkel belonged to the right-wing spectrum of the Hamburg elite, but openly rejected the National Socialists. The brother of the board member John von Berenberg-Goßlers, the banker Cornelius von Berenberg-Goßler, was a member of the NSDAP, but condemned the persecution of Jews and the fight against Austria in 1933 and resigned from the party in 1934.

After a speech by Elard von Oldenburg-Januschau on January 18, 1935, in which he criticized the former Reich President Paul von Hindenburg and the way the NSDAP dealt with the conservatives, the Gestapo targeted the national club . As a result, the previous board resigned and left the club. The Hamburg national club existed until 1945.

See also

literature

  • Werner Jochmann: In the struggle for power. Hitler's speech at the Hamburg National Club in 1919 . European VA, Frankfurt / M. 1960.
  • Manfred Asendorf: Hamburger Nationalklub, Keppler-Kreis, Schacht and the rise of Hitler, Reinhard Opitz in memory (July 2, 1934 - April 3, 1986) . In: 1999. Journal for Social History of the 20th and 21st Century , Vol. 3 (1987), ISSN  0930-9977

Web links

Hamburg National Club 1926: Frenetic applause for Hitler in the Hotel Atlantic

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joachim Petzold : National Club (NK) 1919-1943 . In: Dieter Fricke (Hrsg.): Lexicon for the history of parties. The bourgeois and petty bourgeois parties and associations in Germany (1789–1945) Volume 3. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1985, p. 399–402, here p. 400.
  2. ^ Peter Longerich: Hitler's deputy. Leadership of the party and control of the state apparatus by the Hess staff and the party chancellery Bormann . European VA, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-598-11081-2 , p. 13.
  3. ↑ Werner Jochmann: In the struggle for power. Hitler's speech at the Hamburg National Club in 1919 . European VA, Frankfurt / M. 1960, p. 31.
  4. ^ Kurt Gossweiler : Hitler and the capital 1925–1928 . In: Ders .: Essays on Fascism. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1986.
  5. ↑ Werner Jochmann: In the struggle for power, Hitler's speech at the Hamburg National Club from 1919 . Frankfurt 1960, p. 102 f.
  6. ^ Albert Krebs : tendencies and shapes of the NSDAP, memories of the early days of the party . DVA, Stuttgart 1959, p. 86.
  7. ^ A b Frank Bajohr : The dictatorship of consent. Basics of National Socialist rule in Hamburg. In: Research Center for Contemporary History in Hamburg (Hrsg.): Hamburg in the 'Third Reich' . Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2005, ISBN 3-89244-903-1 , p. 119.
  8. ↑ Werner Jochmann: In the struggle for power. Hitler's speech at the Hamburg National Club in 1919 . European VA, Frankfurt / M. 1960, p. 43 f.