Gäa (historical association)
The Gäa was a noble - bourgeois German association and was founded in Munich in 1922; the association dissolved in March 1933.
Background and members
The association appeared primarily as a financier of right-wing mass propaganda; it became the most important right-wing propaganda hub in southern Germany. The subjects dealt with initially were mainly the " war guilt lie ", the stab in the back legend and the Versailles Peace Treaty . Large landowners, Ruhr industrialists, senior officers and right-wing intellectuals gathered in the Gäa.
The first chairman was Eugen Fürst zu Oettingen-Wallerstein , who was also chairman of the large landowners' association; the second chairman was Karl Haniel . The managing director was Franz Eduard Freiherr von Gebsattel. Gebsattel and Paul Nikolaus Cossmann , editors of the Süddeutsche Monatshefte , kept in close contact with the heavy industrial donors through Paul Reusch . Paul Reusch was one of the most powerful German captains of industry. Via the holdings of the family shareholders of Gutehoffnungshütte in publishing and its presence in the Gäa, the hut had a clear influence in the southern German press (especially Münchner Latest Nachrichten , Fränkischer Kurier , Verlag Knorr & Hirth, Süddeutsche Monatshefte ), which Reusch 1932 - unsuccessfully - in favor of integration the NSDAP wanted to use in a future right-wing, business-friendly Reich government.
Board members of the Gäa were also Mr. Clairmont (chairman of the Bavarian Federation of Industrialists), Albert Vögler , steel magnate, and privy councilor Heim. The Gäa was loosely in contact with the German men's club . In any case, Gebsattel kept in touch with Ernst Röhm in 1928 .
Other members were:
- Ernst Borsig
- Hermann Dietrich (Chairman of the General Association of German Raiffeisen Cooperatives)
- Moritz Freiherr von Franckenstein
- Carl Freiherr von Gienanth (Chairman of the Association of Palatinate Industrialists)
- Georg Enoch Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg
- Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg
- Baron von Herman (President of the Reich Forestry Council)
- Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
- Alfred Hugenberg
- Prince of Isenburg-Birstein (Reich Landowners Association)
- Gustav von Kahr
- Baron zu Kerckerinck (Westphalian landowner)
- Johann Adolf Graf von Kielmansegg
- Erwein Theodor Philipp Fürst von der Leyen (Chairman of the Bavarian Department of the "German Nobility Association" DAG)
- Karl Alexander von Müller
- Konrad Graf von Preysing
- Prince Schönaich-Carolath
- Hans Schwarz
- Count of Solms-Laubach
- Kurt Sorge (Chairman of the Reich Association of German Industry)
- Martin Spahn
- Oswald Spengler
- Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg
- Friedrich zu Stolberg-Wernigerode
- Otto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode
- Alfred von Tirpitz
- Josias to Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Tilo von Wilmowsky
See also
swell
- Gaa. Emergency community for national work in Munich at: IFZ Munich (PDF file; 45 kB) Julius Paul Köhler's inventory: around 1924/1925 letter from the association to Köhler & January 13, 1925: research for an upcoming trial about the stab in the back
- Gaa. Short writings to educate compatriots. Knorr & Hirth, Munich (The publisher was part of the Münchner Neue Nachrichten complex , in which Cossmann was a leading figure.)
- Karl Alexander von Müller : The German people's distress and the Treaty of Versailles. Lecture. 1922 (16 pp., Octave) No. 1
- Ludwig Gessner : Towards the collapse of Europe. A policy in three stages. Pamphlets of the Münchner Neuesten Nachrichten; No. 3. Knorr & Hirth, Munich 1923. In Engl .: The approaching European Collapse. A policy in 3 stages. ibid. 1923
- Walther Funk , NSDAP: Lecture in front of the Gäa on February 27, 1930 How can the Young Plan be overcome?
literature
- Stephan Malinowski : From King to Leader. German nobility and National Socialism , Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2004, ISBN 3-596-16365-X , p. 456 ff. ( Fischer 16365 Die Zeit des Nationalozialismus ), (Simultaneously: Berlin, Techn. Univ., Diss ., 2001).
- Wolfgang Bockhorst: Engelbert Freiherr von Kerckerinck zur Borg and his estate . In: Westfälisches Archivamt (Hrsg.): Archive maintenance in Westphalia and Lippe . No. 31 . Self-published by the Westphalian Archives Office, April 1990, ISSN 0171-4058 , p. 16 ( online [PDF; 5.5 MB ; retrieved on December 5, 2009]): "The Gäa, which was close to German national circles and to which Hugenberg also belonged, saw itself as an advice center for all individuals and organizations in the fight against the Versailles Treaty and the lie of the German guilt for the war (... ). First and foremost, it should be dedicated to educating the rural population. "