House Rauental
| House Rauental | ||
|---|---|---|
| Creation time : | in the 16th century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Construction: | Truss | |
| Place: | Wuppertal - Langerfeld | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 16 '12 " N , 7 ° 14' 10" E | |
| Height: | 165 m | |
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House Rauental was as Wasserburg executed noble residence from the 16th century in what is now Wuppertal district Langer field . Today the castle is a castle stable .
history
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The aristocratic residence dates from the 16th century and consisted of a farm house and a residential building made of half-timbered houses and a stone defense tower , which were surrounded by a moat . The property included a watermill , the only flour mill in Langerfeld, and several small cottages as well as meadows and fields. The owners had the fishing rights on the Wupper , the hunting rights on the Ehrenberg , the state parliament and two benches in the Schwelmer church.
The ownership of the house Rauental (spelling into the 20th century: Rauenthal ) often changed between different noble families, who often had only limited financial resources and therefore often had to sell or pledge the property. Through foreclosures in the 18th century, the manor house and its properties gradually passed into civil ownership. In 1778 the last noble owners, the von Dobbe family , lost the last remnant of the property to the Tönnies family, who converted the dilapidated mansion into a modern merchant's house. A metal button factory was built next to the mansion in the Mühlenschlacht in 1819. The Caron family bought the house in 1850 . The Bodenbakteriologe Albert Caron was born here. In 1892 the house was sold by Ewald Caron to his nephew Alexander Erbslöh . After his death in 1917, the house remained in the property of his descendants and was totally destroyed by an air raid in 1945. The property was sold in 1948 to the JP Bemberg company, which in turn sold the property to the city of Wuppertal in 1953.
The watermill of the aristocratic residence
The watermill was separated from the property in 1736 and auctioned for 2500 Reichstaler . It became the property of the municipality of Gemarke , which it sold in 1791 to a Peter Wichelhaus, who built a wool spinning mill and a cloth factory there. In 1800 it was converted into a cotton spinning mill, in 1823 under Johannes Andreas Oberempt it was converted into an additional paint mill , in which up to 300 workers, including children, worked ten hours a day. With regard to child labor , the Oberemptsche factory was considered exemplary in what was then Prussia. The member of the Rhenish Provincial Parliament, Johannes Schuchard , listed them on July 6, 1837 in an application for a child protection law before the state parliament as a laudatory exception, "where the machines are shut down at 11 o'clock so that the 200 spinning children 1 to 1 1 employed there / 4 hours of instruction and one hour to enjoy the open air. ”After another change of ownership in 1853, an iron yarn factory was operated at the location . In 1913, the factory buildings still included parts of the buildings erected in the 18th century, in which up to 500 people worked. Like the manor, the factory buildings did not survive the Second World War.
literature
- Margret Hahn: Haus Rauental and the Rauentaler Mühle . In: Heimatgruß des Bürgererverein Langerfeld eV No. 212, 2007.
- Wilhelm Kolbe: Bacteria and fallow in nature's household. Life and work of the farmer and soil bacteriologist Dr. hc Albert von Caron (1853-1933) in the mirror of natural research and family history. A contribution to the scientific history of bacteriology and to economic, agricultural and social history. (with numerous illustrations and extensive bibliography), Burscheid 1993 ISBN 3-929760-00-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wilhelm Kolbe: Bacteria and fallow in the household of nature. Life and work of the farmer and soil bacteriologist Dr. hc Albert von Caron (1853-1933) in the mirror of natural research and family history. A contribution to the scientific history of bacteriology and to economic, agricultural and social history. Burscheid 1993, ISBN 3-929760-00-2 , p. 257.
- ↑ Wilhelm Kolbe: Bacteria and fallow in the household of nature. Life and work of the farmer and soil bacteriologist Dr. hc Albert von Caron (1853-1933) in the mirror of natural research and family history. A contribution to the scientific history of bacteriology and to economic, agricultural and social history. Burscheid 1993, ISBN 3-929760-00-2 , p. 172.