House for trade and commerce
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The house for trade and commerce is an office building built by the architect Friedrich von Thiersch in Munich from 1899 to 1901 by the Chamber of Commerce and the Munich Stock Exchange . Ignatius Taschner designed the interior . The construction site at Maximiliansplatz 8 in Maxvorstadt was on areas outside of the heaped-up, former city moat. The headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (IHK) for Munich and Upper Bavaria are located in the building and the adjoining AS Drey office building at Max-Joseph-Straße 2 .
history
After the establishment of the German customs union in 1834, a large German internal market was created for the first time . Craftsmen, manufacturers and merchants faced the economic and political changes of the new market and the new manufacturing possibilities of the beginning industrialization . In Munich, too, trade and industry needed independent lobbying in order to assert their interests against the government. In 1843 King Ludwig I approved the establishment of a chamber of commerce in his capital and residence. Her main task was to advise administration and politics on the "promotion of industry". Initially, "occasional meetings" were sufficient, but with a decree by King Ludwig II of December 1868, the chamber became a permanent institution. For this she needed a permanent home and rented a room in the Royal Mint on Pfisterstraße. The constantly growing need for space prompted the Chamber of Commerce and Industry to start building a new building together with the Munich Trade Association, the sponsor of the stock exchange. When choosing the building site, it was decided to use the property of the former hotel-restaurant "Achatz" on Maximiliansplatz. The competition was won in 1898 by the architect Friedrich von Thiersch (1852–1921), who had already designed the Munich Palace of Justice . After a year and a half of construction, the two owners were able to move into the new "House for Trade and Industry" in April 1901. At that time it was considered a successful example of “new ways of life through new color combinations, new lines and shapes”. Representative interior was the paneled trading hall, which reached over two floors and was decorated with wall paintings. The elegant “Neue Börse” café-restaurant opened on the ground floor.
In 1911, a residential and commercial building for the Jewish antiques dealer AS Drey was built on the neighboring property on Max-Joseph-Straße according to plans by Gabriel von Seidl (1848–1913). The new building in the neo-renaissance style was one of the most magnificent private buildings in the city. After the seizure of power by the Nazis, the family owners Drey and star in 1935 sold the house for 1.3 million Reichsmarks to the Chamber of Commerce. The senior boss, Secret Commerce Councilor Siegfried Drey, had acted as a commercial judge. He died in Munich in 1936. The purchase price was reasonable and the previous owners made no restitution claims after the end of the war .
During the Second World War , the two parts of the building were badly damaged by two bomb hits on April 25 and July 12, 1944, and the IHK had to move to emergency quarters. She was only able to return to her parent company on April 1, 1950.
After the Bavarian Stock Exchange moved to Lenbachplatz , a major renovation was carried out in the 1960s with a contemporary, sober functionality. As part of the preparations for the 150th anniversary in 1993, the IHK Munich carried out a comprehensive renovation of the event areas from 1992 onwards, which tied on the former interplay of architecture, painting and handicrafts. In 2002 she was able to complete further renovations. Since then, an atrium with a cantilevered glass roof has connected the two houses.
Due to fundamental deficiencies in the statics of both buildings, a general renovation took place from 2012. In this context, fire protection upgrading, barrier-free access to all rooms and energy-efficient operation (including LED lighting , district heating , district cooling ) were implemented. The resumption of use due to the return of the IHK employees took place on December 3, 2018.
See also
literature
- Heinrich Habel, Johannes Hallinger, Timm Weski: State capital Munich - center (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.2 / 1 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-87490-586-2 .
- Eva Moser, "Munich, Chamber of Industry and Commerce for Munich and Upper Bavaria", in: Werner Kraus (Ed.), Schauplätze der Industriekultur in Bayern, Regensburg 2006, p. 89 f.
- Angela Toussaint, an ornament of the city. Munich - Maximiliansplatz. The Chamber of Commerce and Industry through the ages, Dachau 1998
