Square font

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Hebrew square
script in different font styles:
Serif font
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט
י כ ך ל מ ם נ ן ס
ע פ ף צ ץ ק ר ש ת
Sans serif font
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט
י כ ך ל מ ם נ ן ס
ע פ ף צ ץ ק ר ש ת
Monospace font
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט
י כ ך ל מ ם נ ן ס
ע פ ף צ ץ ק ר ש ת

The square font כְּתָב מְרֻבָּע( ketav merubba ) is the variant of the Hebrew alphabet commonly used today , the origins of which began around 500 BC. BC and are derived from the Phoenician consonant alphabet via the Aramaic script . The other nameכְּתָב אַשּׁוּרִית( ketav ashshurit ), so Assyrian or Chaldean script, indicates the origins in exile, from where the new script gradually spread. The Hebrew language was used at the beginning of writing around the beginning of the 1st millennium BC. Written with the Phoenician script , which developed into the very similar ancient Hebrew script . With the emergence of Aramaic as the official lingua franca of the Achaemenids and in the Babylonian exile , the Aramaic script spread and increasingly competed with the ancient Hebrew script. It was later developed into a square font. First examples are taken from the time of the Maccabees ( 167 - .. 161 BC ). The first dated manuscript dates from the year 896 AD.This font is called square script because each character fits exactly into a square or half a square and the lines of the letters with mainly horizontal and vertical strokes in most cases Square oriented.

For vocalization , the square script was later supplemented with dots and lines, whereby there were several competing systems. The puncturing of the Masoretic vocalization is called Nikkud . In addition, there are the teams in the articulation marks mentioned above, who determine the musical performance in the Jewish worship service.

Styles

The main styles of square script are:

  • Egyptian style
  • Babylonian style
  • Persian style
  • Yemeni style
  • Western style
  • Spanish style
  • Greek style
  • Italian style
  • French style
  • Ashkenazi style
  • Karaean style

Other Hebrew Scriptures