Holy Spirit Chapel (Uelzen)
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The Gothic Holy Spirit Chapel belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church and is one of the oldest chapels in the Uelzen district . It was the heart of the attached Holy Spirit Hospital. It was created as part of a pious and charitable foundation, the Holy Spirit Foundation .
Location and surroundings
The Holy Spirit Chapel is in a central location at the north end of Lüneburger Strasse, near the St. Mary's Church and the police. The location within the walls is typical of urban hospitals of the time.
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history
The Holy Spirit Chapel was first mentioned in 1321. At this point in time it could not have been old, as in 1322 the Uelzen archdeacon and pastor Raven issued a service order for the clergyman of the Holy Spirit Chapel. Among other things, he determined that masses should not be read on high feast days and that the faithful should attend masses in the parish church. As a result, the Holy Spirit Chapel is clearly subordinate to the parish church. In the same year 1322, the chapel was confirmed under canon law by the Bishop of Verden Nikolaus . In 1325 there is also talk of the Hospital of the Holy Spirit. In the hospital, hospital nurses who lived together worked like a beginner . They served to accommodate and care for sick and old people. Little is known about the care of the hospital residents. The Holy Spirit Foundation still exists today. Some of the clergy at the Holy Spirit Chapel are even known by name. The rector of the chapel was under as vicar to the provost at St. Mary's Church.
architecture
It is not known exactly when the Holy Spirit Chapel was built. It is believed to be 1321 or earlier. The simple construction of the chapel was typical of hospital churches at the time.
Decades after the Second World War, a hospital building was attached to the brick building of the chapel with a gable with a blind architecture . The interior of the hospital building probably consisted of a subdivided hall that served as an apartment for the hospital residents. According to a plan from 1834, the building was about 23 meters long and 13.5 meters deep. There was also an aft house, which was probably originally used as an apartment for the hospital nurses. In 1446 the chapel was expanded to include a five-sided choir with buttresses and simple tracery windows . A few years before the Reformation, the hospital was converted into a monastery. The entrance side of the building faces the street with the stepped gable structured by high blind arches .
Furnishing
The glass paintings from the St. Viti Chapel, created around 1420 by the glass painter Freystadt, have been in the Holy Spirit Chapel since 1890. The windows are designed very differently. In the two outermost windows there are individual figures that take up the entire glass in height. On one of the two glasses the figures are related to each other. It shows the Annunciation to Mary . Maria is sitting on the right on a yellow throne-like bench. Next to her is an open book on a desk. A white dove descends over her. To the left of Mary the Annunciation Angel approaches with her right raised hand for the blessing. The angel's left hand holds a tape with the words “Ave Maria, gratia plena”. In the other outer window, however, all the figures stand on their own. There, on the one hand, James the Elder can be seen holding a broad-brimmed hat and a walking stick, both of which are provided with the shell, the pilgrim's badge. Another pane in the window shows the monk Francis carrying the body of Christ in his arms. The other three glasses show a loop made of ribbons with knots and elaborately designed flowers, as well as medallions that contain angels carrying coats of arms , small figures of saints and the donor's image of the provost Rupert von Nortlo. The windows also differ in color and painting style. The brilliant white dominates.
Among the house brands and coats of arms of the donor families, the coat of arms of the Lüneburg patrician family v. Grönhagen and probably goes to the mayor "Clawes" (Klaus / Nicolaus) v. Grönhagen and his father Gevehard back. To the right of that of the Lüneburg patrician family v. Tzerstedt, which is held by two saints. The shield-holder lions indicate the secular status of the donors, the saints who hold the shield of the v. Keep Tzerstede, however, on their spiritual status.
In addition to the stained glass from the St. Viti Chapel, the Holy Spirit Chapel also contains a medieval carved altar from 1515. It also contains two Baroque tombstones and a richly decorated pulpit from around 1600.
Web links
literature
- Chapel and Hospital of the Holy Spirit. In: Thomas Vogtherr : Uelzen. History of a city in the Middle Ages. Becker Verlag, Uelzen / 1997, ISBN 3-920079-42--6, pp. 98-104.
- The Holy Spirit Chapel and its windows. In: Holy Spirit Foundation: The stained glass from St. Viti. In the Holy Spirit Chapel in Uelzen. C. Beckers Buchdruckerei GmbH & Co. KG., Uelzen / 1981, pages 21-23, 36-40.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joachim Lehrmann : The patrician family v. Grönhagen , in Grünhagen-Nachrichten 2011, no. 43, pp. 10–18 and no. 44, pp. 5–12.
Coordinates: 52 ° 58 '0.7 " N , 10 ° 33' 39.8" E