Heinrich Schurtz

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Heinrich Schurtz (born December 11, 1863 in Zwickau , † May 2, 1903 in Bremen ) was a German ethnologist and historian . His work Age Classes and Men's Associations from 1902 is still cited today , in which he for the first time emphasizes the central importance of associations for the social order of peoples outside Europe.

life and work

Schurtz completed his habilitation as a student of Friedrich Ratzel in Leipzig in 1891 and became an ethnographic assistant at the Museum of Natural, Ethnic and Commercial Studies in Bremen in 1893 .

As a reaction and demarcation to the thesis of the Swiss historian Johann Jakob Bachofen of a matriarchal origin of mankind, Schurtz introduced the concept of the men's union in ethnological literature with his work Age Classes and Men's Associations and established Bachofen’s designed gender dichotomy a dichotomy of male association and family that would have set the process of cultural creation in motion. In doing so, he hardly dealt with European conditions, but, based on the ethnological object of the men's house among so-called "primitive peoples", identified the "pure social instinct" of the man as the origin of the men's associations - in contrast to the "immobile, family-centered woman" who are therefore the actual carriers of almost all higher social development.

Heinrich Schurtz died at the age of 39 after a short illness of appendicitis.

Fonts

  • Basics of a philosophy of the costume: (with special consideration of the negro costumes). Cotta, Stuttgart 1893.
  • Catechism of Ethnology. JJ Weber, Leipzig 1893. ( Online, Internet Archive )
  • Outline of a history of the origins of money. Felber, Weimar 1898.
  • Prehistory of culture. Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig / Vienna 1900. ( Online, Internet Archive )
  • Age groups and men's associations: A representation of the basic forms of society. Reimer, Berlin 1902. ( Online, Internet Archive )
Contributions
  • The Negro Throwing Knife: A Contribution to the Ethnography of Africa. In: International Archive for Ethnography. Trap, Leiden et al., Volume 2, 1889, pp. 9–31 ( online ; also PDF, 21.6 MB ).

literature

  • Thomas Ducks: Heinrich Schurtz (1863–1903) and German Ethnology , Diss. Freiburg im Breisgau 1996.
  • Helmut Blazek: Men's associations: a story of fascination and power. Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-86153-177-1 .

Web links

Wikisource: Heinrich Schurtz  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Rössler: The German-speaking ethnology up to approx. 1960: A historical outline. Cologne working papers on ethnology. number 1
  2. ^ Publications from the Übersee-Museum in Bremen, Volume 2. Übersee-Museum Bremen, 1957. p. 30
  3. ↑ http://www.ich-sciences.de/ichs/en/kurzbio_sz.htm
  4. ^ Claudia Bruns: Politics of Eros. The men's association in science, politics and youth culture (1880–1934). Boehlau 2007. ISBN 3-412-14806-7 . Pp. 95, 98.
  5. ↑ Blazek: Men 's Associations: A History of Fascination and Power. P. 17f.
  6. ^ Publications from the Übersee-Museum in Bremen, Volume 2. Übersee-Museum Bremen, 1957. p. 30
personal data
SURNAME Schurtz, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schurtz, Camillo Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ethnologist and historian
DATE OF BIRTH December 11, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Zwickau
DATE OF DEATH May 2, 1903
Place of death Bremen