Alt-Oberhausen thermal power station
| Alt-Oberhausen thermal power station | |||
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| location | |||
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 28 '14 " N , 6 ° 51' 40" E | ||
| country |
 Germany
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| Data | |||
| Type | Steam heating plant, steam heating plant | ||
| Primary energy | Fossil energy | ||
| fuel | Natural gas / heating oil EL | ||
| power | gross electrical output: 24.2 MW thermal CHP output: 89 MW fresh heat output: 140 MW | ||
| owner | evo (Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG) | ||
| operator | evo | ||
| Start of operations | 1901 (Städtisches Electricitaetswerk) 1958 (combined heat and power plant with closed gas turbine and pulverized coal combustion) | ||
| Shutdown | 1980 (closed gas turbine - hot air turbine) | ||
| turbine | 2 back pressure turbines (11 MW) & (13.2 MW) | ||
| boiler | 2 high-pressure natural circulation steam generators (100 t / h) & (150 t / h)
1 saturated steam boiler (3.2 t / h) - for thermal degassing |
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| Firing | LowNOx overpressure combustion | ||
| Chimney height | 56 m | ||
| Website | Energy supply Oberhausen AG | ||
The HHC 1 - thermal power station Alt-Oberhausen is located in the center of Alt-Oberhausen on the premises of the Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG directly Mülheim at the crossing road / Danziger road. The main energy carrier is natural gas ; EL heating oil can also be used to safeguard district heating .
Operating basis
review
The cogeneration plant on Danziger Straße has its origins in 1896 and was only used for electricity supply until 1958. In 1958, what was then Stadtwerke Oberhausen AG began building a district heating network. From 1960 the main part of the heat supply could be covered by combined heat and power (CHP) by a closed gas turbine system (hot air turbine) with coal dust firing.
The ever increasing fuel prices, the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions forced the most extensive possible use of fuels. While with pure electricity generation in condensation turbines (conventional steam power plants) efficiencies of 38 to 46% are common and at least 54% of the energy is lost via cooling water and chimney, one can use power-heat coupling, i.e. H. with combined electricity and heat generation, achieve a fuel efficiency of up to 90%.
In the course of the constant expansion of the district heating network, an additional back pressure steam turbine system with high pressure steam boiler was built in 1970 in order to continue to cover most of the heat supply via combined heat and power.
From 1974 the district heating network was expanded far beyond the boundaries of the inner city area. In order to cover the resulting strongly increasing heat demand, additional small back pressure turbines were used as drive machines for fresh fans, feed pumps and also district heating circulation pumps. These prime movers also work with combined heat and power, which also reduces the heating and power plant's own electrical requirements.
From 1976, a heat exchanger station feeding into the district heating network enabled heating steam to be decoupled from the steam turbine system of the Lower Rhine community waste incineration plant and integrated into the heating network through condensation via heat exchangers. This was the first use of the surplus energy from waste incineration not only for power generation, but also for district heating in the coupling process, which can be regarded as CO 2 -neutral and in principle also as regenerative energy. The aim was to save fossil fuels for district heating in Alt-Oberhausen.
From 1980 the closed gas turbine plant was shut down for economic reasons after more than 112,000 operating hours. The heat supply was taken over by a further back pressure steam turbine system which can be operated flexibly with all installed high pressure steam boilers. This became possible because the power plant was designed as a busbar power plant with the commissioning of boiler 2, whereby the redundancy and ultimately the security of supply could be increased. The technically required block construction of the hot air turbine system hindered such redundancy which, in addition to economic reasons, ultimately also led to the dismantling of the complex system.
Current operating mode
Today, the power plant mainly serves to supply heat to the Alt-Oberhausen district heating network and to generate heat on the basis of combined heat and power via the two back pressure turbines. The heating output (CHP and fresh heat) of the power plant is sufficient to cover the total heat demand of the connected district heating network. In addition, after extensive renovations and new construction measures from 1984 to 1988, the power plant is connected to the HKW 2 - Oberhausen-Sterkrade heating power plant and the GMVA - Lower Rhine joint waste incineration system via a high-pressure district heating system.
The heating network enables the expanded feed of CHP heat from the waste incineration plant and industrial waste heat from Ruhrchemie - Oxea GmbH Oberhausen - (via HKW 2), which further saves the fossil fuel, natural gas, and ensures the heat supply even if a high-pressure boiler fails. The district heating network of the Neue Mitte Oberhausen (Centro / O-Vision) is also supplied directly via the network.
fuel
Until 1970 the power station was fired with coal and heavy heating oil. In Oberhausen, which is also called the cradle of the Ruhr industry, the use of hard coal was almost a matter of course. The well-known developments in the energy market, however, inevitably meant that district heating generation had to adapt to the changed framework conditions in order to remain economical in competition with gas and oil heating.
Since the thermal power station, which is very important for the heat supply, is located directly in the city center, Stadtwerke Oberhausen AG decided to convert the power station to combined coke oven gas and light oil firing to further improve the environmental conditions. The entire power plant was converted by 1972 without disrupting the heat and power supply.
From 1978 onwards, more light heating oil had to be used in the thermal power station, since so-called interruptible deliveries were offered in the gas supply contracts in the mid-1970s. On the one hand, this allowed the fluctuating and shrinking coke oven gas production, which is influenced by economic influences in the steel sector, to be taken into account and, on the other hand, the service price was reduced.
The shutdown of the coking plants at the beginning of the 1980s impaired the supply of gas to the thermal power station to such an extent that a switch to natural gas from 1982 onwards became inevitable for reasons of security of supply.
Current dissipation
The derivation of the electrical energy is carried out by the Oberhausener Netzgesellschaft and fed into the 10 kV medium-voltage network to supply the city of Oberhausen. This reduces the upstream electricity consumption from the 110 kV high-voltage level by a corresponding amount and thus makes an important contribution to the decentralization of electricity generation. The Oberhausener Netzgesellschaft is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG.
Performance data of the individual power plant boilers / turbines since 1938
| Steam generator / heater | Boiler 5 | Hot air heater | Boiler 3 | Boiler 4 | Boiler 1 | Boiler 2 | Boiler 5 | Boiler 3 |
| status | dismantled | dismantled | dismantled | dismantled | dismantled | in operation | in operation | in operation |
| Installation | 1938 | 1960 | 1963 | 1963 | 1969 | 1973 | 1979 | 1995 |
| Max. Combustion heat output | 27.6 MW | 48.5 MW | 18.3 MW | 18.3 MW | 55 MW | 91.6 MW | 136.1 MW | 2.2 MW |
| Steam output | 32 t / h | 473 t / h (hot air) | 22 t / h | 22 t / h | 60 t / h | 100 t / h | 150 t / h | 3.2 t / h |
| Steam parameters | 375 ° C / 12 bar | 710 ° C / 32 bar (Hot air) |
350 ° C / 12 bar | 350 ° C / 12 bar | 500 ° C / 59 bar | 500 ° C / 59 bar | 500 ° C / 59 bar | 165 ° C / 6 bar |
| Turbines (IBN)
Swallowing ability |
Condensation
Turbine 3 |
closed Gas turbine (1960) |
Condensation
Turbine 2 |
Condensation
Turbine 1 |
Back pressure
Turbine 3 |
Back pressure
Turbine 3 |
Back pressure
Turbine 1 |
thermal degassing |
| status | dismantled | dismantled | shut down | dismantled | in operation | in operation | in operation | in operation |
| el. gross efficiency
(without regenerative SpWa preheating) |
22% | 28.5-24.5% | 19% | 20% | 20.5% (19%) |
21% (19%) |
- | |
| Fuel efficiency | 22% | 65.5-83% | 19% | 20% | > 88% | > 90% | > 94% | |
| el. gross output | 5 MW | 13.75-11.8 MW | 2 MW | 3.5 MW | 10.5 MW | 11 MW | 13.2 MW | - |
| CHP heating capacity
(without regenerative SpWa preheating) |
- | 18-28 MW | - | - | 38 MW (40 MW) |
32-38 MW (42 MW) |
47 MW | - |
| Fresh heat output
(without combined heat and power) |
24.3 MW (from 1958) | - | 16.7 MW | 16.7 MW | 50 MW | 83 MW | 125 MW | - |
| Chimney (height) | 60 m brick chimney dismantled | 100 m brick chimney dismantled | dismantled over the 75 m chimney of boiler 1 | 75 m steel chimney dismantled | 59 m central chimney | own fireplace | ||
| Cooling tower | Natural draft wet cooling tower
dismantled |
Natural draft wet cooling tower
dismantled |
via natural draft wet cooling tower
dismantled |
only for unit cooling via two fan cell coolers | not mandatory | |||
Operator of the thermal power station
The operator of the thermal power station is Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG - evo for short. Evo is owned by Stadtwerke Oberhausen AG (STOAG) and RWE Rhein-Ruhr AG, each of which holds 50 percent in FSO GmbH & Co. KG (Fahrzeugservice Oberhausen) and half in evo's share capital . 10 percent of the evo shares are held directly by STOAG and RWE Rhein-Ruhr AG. The remaining 80 percent of the shares are held by FSO GmbH & Co. KG. The parent company of RWE Rhein-Ruhr AG is RWE Energy AG.
history
prehistory
1893: Due to the strong industrialization of the cities in the Ruhr area, the number of commuters who wanted to get to work as quickly as possible and back home after work also increased significantly. In order to be able to offer another means of transport for local transport in addition to rail traffic, the first plans were made for a separate tram that was to be operated together with the neighboring city of Mülheim an der Ruhr. However, the project could not be realized. The city administration of Oberhausen therefore contacted Siemens & Halske, which had already gained some experience with the construction of an electric tram in Berlin, which was used there as a works railway for the transport of employees to the individual plants. Thus the topic could then "pick up speed" independently of the Mülheimers.
1896: For the energy supply of the new tram, the establishment of an electrical power station became necessary. A coal-fired steam boiler system was built on the property at Zechenstrasse 31 (today Danziger Str. 31), followed by two compound steam engines manufactured by the Buchau machine factory. Each machine was coupled to a 150 kW direct current dynamo from Siemens, which could generate a voltage of 500 to 550 volts at 120 revolutions per minute.
1897: On April 4, 1897, the electric tram in Oberhausen was officially put into operation with a route length of 7.5 km. Thanks to the route, the two neighboring cities of Styrum and Oberhausen could be connected with each other and the first municipal tram operation in Germany was established.
Start of municipal electricity generation in Oberhausen
1898: By resolution of the city council meeting on June 28, the city administration was authorized to negotiate with the Royal Railway Administration regarding the assumption of power supply for the state train station in Oberhausen and to examine the construction of a system for generating electrical energy. At the same time, a survey was held among the citizens (today one would say “among the citizens”) about the need for electrical light and electrical power.
1899: The result of the survey was so favorable that the city councilors at that time decided in their meeting on August 28 and November 3, in connection with the already existing direct current generation system of the city tram, a city power station for the supply of the Oberhausen population to build electrical energy. A location was found quickly. The electrical power center on Zechenstrasse was to be expanded for this, because the existing systems and a planned new machine of 400 kW were able to deliver 500 volts direct current (required for the tram) and 220 volts direct current for lighting and power systems. In addition, direct current had the advantage that, in the event of a machine failure, it could be ensured for a certain time by means of accumulators.
1900: Already in the planning phase it became clear that the capacity was insufficient to cover the initial requirements. In February, the city council decided to purchase two dynamo generators of 500 kW each instead of the 400 kW dynamo that was planned. As of November 3, a number of companies were therefore invited to submit bids. The company Deutsche Babcock & Wilcox-Dampfkesselwerke from Oberhausen was entrusted with the delivery of the steam boiler . Two horizontal tandem-compound steam engines from the United Maschinenfabriken Augsburg and Nuremberg , today's MAN, were supposed to each drive a direct current flywheel dynamo from Schuckert & Co. at 90 revolutions per minute.
1901: The birth of the public power supply in Oberhausen was on May 1st, 1901. The “Städtische Electricitaetswerk” Oberhausen started supplying electricity to private households with a total output of 1,300 kW. The laid network covers 34.4 kilometers. The provisional supply of the main station via a dynamo machine, which was driven by a rented locomobile, could be stopped since January 1st. At the end of the first year of operation, 109 house connections had been laid; the pipeline network had grown to around 41 kilometers, and 1,365 lightbulbs with carbon filament shone in private homes.
1905: The previously separate tram and gas / electricity companies were merged to form the “municipal companies”.
1907: The companies employed 208 people, 20 of whom work in the electrical works. Private households switched to metal filament lightbulbs, which proved to be more economical; however, the light bulbs were no longer exchanged free of charge. The Babcock works were also connected to the city's power grid.
1910: On April 1st, Alstaden was incorporated, parts of Styrum and Dümpten followed. The municipal power station did not benefit from this, however, because the Alstaden pipeline network remained in the possession of RWE.
1911: The Oberhausen E-Werk took over the three-phase network of the incorporated parts of Styrum and Dümpten from the city of Mülheim. Since the Oberhausen electricity works only generated direct current at that time, the Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerk AG took over the delivery of the required three-phase current with a voltage of 3 × 220 volts.
1912: In order to supply the companies and the population with conservative cold, the municipal ice works started operations on the premises of the E-Werk and 600 quintals of ice now left the premises every day.
Expansion of the output through condensing steam turbines
1912: As the demand for electrical energy continued to rise in the following years, the power plant had to be increased by expanding and improving the existing facilities. In the course of the expansion work, the historic facade of the power station, which is still preserved today, was built.
1913: In addition to the steam engines initially set up, a more economical steam turbo unit with two 500 kW direct current generators located one behind the other was added.
1914: After the recooling towers were enlarged and further Babcock water tube steam boilers were installed, a MAN steam turbine with two 1,000 kW direct current generators could also go into operation. The subsequent installation of a flue gas feed water preheater ensured economical power generation with an output of 4,300 kW.
1919: The pipeline network had grown to 230 kilometers. The decrease in the consumption of electricity from electricity by private households caused by the First World War could be compensated for by the increasing consumption of electricity by industry.
1923: On January 11th, French troops occupied the entire city of Oberhausen as well as Sterkrade and Osterfeld. At the beginning of February, Lord Mayor Otto Havenstein had the city works cut off the power supply to the station. For this, Otto Havenstein was arrested by the French on February 9th, after they had threatened the day before to switch off the entire power supply in Oberhausen. On September 19, the French occupied the power station and shut it down for a short time.
1925: After the maintenance costs of the steam engines, which were over 20 years old, had reached the economic limit of their possible use, a new era began in the power station. With the commissioning of a new Thyssen-Roeder three-phase turbo unit with an output of 3,500 kW at 5,000 volts and a frequency of 50 Hertz, the changeover to the three-phase current technology still used today, with which the generated voltage can be transformed and transferred as required, began can transmit large distances. An old cooling tower from 1912 was demolished and replaced. The calibration of electricity meters could now also be carried out in the Oberhausen electrical works.
1926: Not even half of all houses in Oberhausen were connected to the power grid. In order to ensure a smooth delivery of coal to the power plant, the city tram took over the delivery of the coal from the bunker of Gutehoffnungshütte on Osterfelder Strasse using special vehicles over the public tram route. While the electricity output was only 900,000 kWh in the first financial year, it had already reached the respectable level of 13,270,500 kWh in 1926, i.e. after 25 years.
1927: The tram celebrated its 30th anniversary at the municipal works. The increase in machine output in the electrical power plant inevitably resulted in the expansion of the steam boiler system. Instead of the steam boiler built in 1900, two high-performance boilers for 13 atmospheric pressure and 375 ° C superheating were installed.
1928: In order to continue the three-phase conversion of the systems, the two 1,000 kW direct current generators of the MAN turbine from 1914 were replaced with a new Thyssen three-phase generator with 2,000 kW at 5,000 volts. At the same time, the BBC company installed new switchgear with remote control from the machine hall in adjacent parts of the building (the associated switchboard and the turbine with the Thyssen generator can still be seen in the machine hall today).
1931: The laid power grid grew by 2 to 77 kilometers. In Alt-Oberhausen, 3,313 houses received electricity.
1933: The city council approved the procurement of another steam turbine with a 5,000 kW three-phase generator. The new GHH turbine was put into operation the following year, with a total power plant output of 11,500 kW (11.5 MW) available.
1936: 4,675 houses were connected to the grid. The ice factory ceases operations because refrigeration machines have become affordable for the general public.
1938: A new boiler house with a high-performance boiler for an hourly output of 32 tons of steam was built and the old one expanded accordingly. Electricity generation rose to around 31 million kilowatt hours.
1939: In order to secure the power supply, the E-Werk had to connect to the state-mandated network economy via the RWE high-voltage network.
1944: Despite the destruction caused by the bombing raids, the electrical power station produced around 30 million kilowatt hours, 20% more than in the previous year. The power generation plants were hit hardest on December 4th, which is why operations could only be maintained under the most difficult conditions.
1945: The supply of gas, water and electricity was discontinued. Employees of the E-Werk barely prevented the ordered blowing up of the power generation systems. Initially, the electrical power station only resumed power generation to a limited extent from April. The destroyed building and plant parts could only be repaired slowly.
1947: Contracts for the purchase of the RWE low-voltage networks in Sterkrade, Holten, Buschhausen, Hiesfeld, Osterfeld, Borbeck and Alstaden were concluded.
1950: More over 5 kilometers of overhead lines were overhauled or replaced. A year earlier it was about 70 kilometers.
1951: The E-Werke celebrated their 50th anniversary, but it became clear that technical development had continued. To increase efficiency, high-pressure technology with a pressure of up to 180 bar and a steam temperature of 450 ° C to 525 ° C had prevailed. Economical operation of the generating plants with the 10,500 kW output became more difficult from year to year.
1953: First plans for the renovation of the old power plant technology were made. In addition, the possibility of abandoning self-generation and switching to an exclusive RWE supply was also examined. At the same time, attempts are being made in the electrical power plant to build up a hot water heating network through heat extraction. Two fresh heat exchangers with a heating output of 2,750 kW each were installed in the boiler house for heat transfer. The surrounding buildings of the municipal works were then primarily supplied via additional circulation pumps; these efforts can be seen as the forerunners of today's district heating.
1954: The preliminary planning was concretized and the following scenarios were available:
1. Conversion into a high-pressure power plant with a new high-pressure boiler and an auxiliary steam turbine with continued use of the existing condensation turbines
2. Conversion into a modern cogeneration plant with extraction condensation turbine and construction of a district heating network
3. Construction of a separate thermal power station with a closed gas turbine and pulverized coal combustion (hot air turbine system) and construction of a district heating network
1955: In-depth economic studies showed clear advantages for the hot-air turbine, with which the municipal works in the planned output class of 12,500 to 13,750 kW (12.5-13.75 MW) entered new technical territory, as so far only smaller test plants with 2,500 to 6,600 kW had been erected. To implement the project, GHH-Sterkrade AG was able to find a reliable partner who had the necessary specialist knowledge and technical prerequisites for the sophisticated turbine equipment. In addition, GHH had acquired a corresponding license from Escher-Wyss to build the hot-air turbine, which is also known as the AK system after the two developers, Ackeret and Keller.
1956: In order to receive financial support for the large-scale construction, the Federal Ministry of Research was proposed to operate the operational turbine at a later date in connection with a small N2 (nitrogen) -cooled high-temperature reactor in order to establish the emerging nuclear energy in the municipal heating and power industry. Unthinkable from today's perspective, the use of nuclear energy was desirable in the 1950s. To what extent such a reactor project was actually planned can no longer be traced today.
Beginning of the municipal district heating supply
1958: In order to take advantage of the hot air turbine with combined heat and power, the construction of the first public district heating network in Oberhausen began. First of all, as many buildings as possible in the vicinity of the power plant were connected and then parts of Marktstrasse were opened up. At the same time, work began on the factory premises with the construction of the new power plant unit.
1960: The new system was about to go into operation and the district heating customers previously supplied via fresh heat (without combined heat and power) could for the first time be supplied with waste heat from the new system. At full load, the new turbine had a variable heating output of 18 to 28 MW and, depending on the district heating extraction, achieved a fuel utilization of 65 to 83%. Compared to steam thermal power stations with extraction condensing turbines, the maximum electrical output decreased from 13.75 MW, with maximum heat extraction, only slightly to 11.8 MW. For this purpose, the cooling parts of the pre-cooler and intercooler located behind the heating parts were switched off, as a result of which the air temperature in front of the low-pressure and high-pressure compressor rose from 30 ° C to 50 ° C. In steam power plants, this operating mode is called back pressure operation. Even with this mode of operation, an electrical efficiency of around 25% was achieved, which at that time was not technically feasible even with counterpressure steam turbines. By building a district heating network to supply the Oberhausen population with heating and hot water, a further line-based form of energy was introduced onto the market in addition to gas and power supply. Through this investment, the independence of the municipal works and thus today's evo should be made possible in the long term. The installed electrical output of the power plant increased to 24.25 MW; the 2 MW turbine from 1914 was no longer operated due to obsolescence and poor efficiency.
1961: The new Oberhausen combined heat and power plant generated 45 million kilowatt hours of electricity with 6,139 operating hours and supplied 219 houses with heat. The district heating network had grown to 18 kilometers. The 13.75 MW hot air turbine was the largest closed gas turbine in the world at the time.
1963: In order to be able to supply the district heating network with heat at peak times or if the new gas turbine fails, two new medium-pressure steam boilers with an hourly output of 22 tons each were put into operation. The new Babcock boilers were fired with heating oil. The two younger condensation turbines of the old system were also supplied with the new boilers in order to compensate for additional electrical load peaks.
1964: On February 14th, the former company and municipal office became the "Stadtwerke Oberhausen Aktiengesellschaft".
1965: The first preliminary planning for a district heating supply for the Sterkrade district on the basis of combined heat and power was started. Here too, another hot air turbine with pulverized coal combustion was favored. At the same time, plans began to convert the Concordia colliery power plant, which was registered for shutdown, into a waste incineration plant, which later became the joint waste incineration plant Niederrhein association with the participation of the municipalities of Duisburg, Oberhausen, Dinslaken, Walsum, Rheinhausen, Moers, Homberg and Voerde.
1968: On October 13, the transport company shut down the last tram line in Oberhausen with line 1. The size of the district heating network had grown rapidly over the past ten years. In order to keep the proportion of combined heat and power generation at a high level in the winter months, another system was necessary. However, the hot air turbine could not be expanded at will, so it was decided to build a new high-pressure steam boiler system with a temperature of 500 ° C at 60 bar pressure and an hourly output of 60 tons.
1969: After the completion of the boiler system, work began on building a new counter-pressure steam turbine. The new Siemens turbine set was to be placed on the existing machine foundation of the old 2 × 500 kW direct current turbine.
1970: City, STOAG and RWE signed a preliminary agreement on the establishment of "Energieversorgung Oberhausen Aktiengesellschaft" (evo). In addition to supplying electricity, gas and district heating, evo also took on the planning and operational management of the newly established community waste incineration plant GMVA.
1971: The new company was entered in the commercial register in January. The transport company remained in the STOAG. In the combined heat and power plant on Danziger Strasse, the new 11 MW back pressure turbine was connected to the grid and, in addition to the 28 MW heating output of the hot air turbine, another 40 MW were available, which could also be generated with a high level of fuel efficiency through the use of combined heat and power . In addition, all firing systems were converted from coal or crude oil to coke oven gas. The large coal storage areas on the factory premises disappeared. The installed electrical output of the power plant increased to 33 MW, but after the commissioning of the new turbine, the old condensation turbines with 3.5 and 5 MW electrical output were hardly used.
1972: In Sterkrade, the construction of the heating power station 2 began with another closed gas turbine with helium as the working medium. Contrary to the original plan, the facility has now become part of the 4th nuclear program of the Federal Republic of Germany and served as a prototype for high-temperature reactor research. However, the helium heater in the new plant was conventionally heated with coke oven gas.
As a supplementary order, the planning, execution and commissioning of an extraction condensation turbine could be completed for the special purpose association of the Niederrhein community waste incineration plant. The energetic utilization of the steam generated during the waste incineration could thus be further expanded through the use of combined heat and power and the removed heating steam could be sold for further use via the existing steam line to neighboring industrial companies.
1973: The district heating network in Sterkrade went into operation and was initially supplied by the steam heating plant integrated into the new heating power plant.
Another high-pressure steam boiler with an output of 100 t / h and additional drive turbines for the feed water pump and fresh fan were installed in heating power plant 1 to secure the heat supply for the ever-growing district heating network.
1974: The world's first helium turbine system went into trial operation with a net electrical output of 50 MW. Similar to the Oberhausen hot-air turbine in HKW 1, up to 53.5 MW of heat could be extracted for the Sterkrade district heating network.
1976: A heat exchanger station near City-West made it possible for the first time to integrate heating steam from the new waste incineration plant with a heat output of up to 28 MW into the Alt-Oberhausen district heating network.
1978: The fully automatic demineralization system in heating and power station I went into operation. As a future replacement for the old hot air turbine system, the new boiler 5, the largest steam generator to date with an hourly output of 150 tons of steam and another back pressure turbine, was integrated into the existing power plant operation.
1979: The new 13.2 MW Siemens turbo generator was connected to the electricity and district heating network with a maximum heating output of 47 MW. The lower electricity efficiency compared to the hot air turbine was partially compensated for by reducing the internal consumption of electrical energy through the use of additional turbine drives for fresh fans and the feed water and district heating circulation pumps with combined heat and power.
1980: After the completion of all construction work, an installed capacity of 37.95 MW was an all-time high in the history of the thermal power station in Alt-Oberhausen. However, at this point in time the hot air turbine system could no longer be used, so that the electrical output was practically only a maximum of 24.2 MW.
1981: 80 years after the founding of the municipal power station in Oberhausen, the power output had risen from around 900,000 kilowatt hours to 1.712 billion kWh.
1982: The heating power plant 1 was gradually converted to natural gas, at the same time the old hot air turbine system was dismantled after more than 112,000 operating hours.
1983: evo developed an energy supply concept for the city of Oberhausen, taking into account all three line-bound forms of energy such as district heating, gas and electricity. Future plans for a district heating network between the two power plant locations Oberhausen and Sterkrade and the GMVA waste incineration plant were presented.
1984: In the area of the machine hall, a new district heating center with six pump sets was built in place of the old hot air turbine.
1985: With a total order value of DM 120 million, one of the largest investment programs in the history of Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG was started in order to ensure a long-term and sustainable energy supply for the city of Oberhausen. In addition to the new district heating network, which runs across the city through mostly underground pipelines, the CO 2 -free heat extraction from the waste incineration plant, the waste heat utilization by Ruhrchemie and Messer Griesheim GmbH, will contribute to a very low primary energy factor for Oberhausen district heating in the future .
1986: Extensive construction work was carried out on the factory premises on Danziger Str. The entire right building complex of the thermal power station was built from scratch. The transfer station for the new district heating network was built in the basement of the new side wing. This network enabled a heating output of over 60 MW to be integrated into or removed from the thermal power station. In addition, a new EDP data center and, in addition to extensive switchgear and control rooms, the new central control room for power plant operation were also housed in the new side wing.
1986: The biggest accident in the use of nuclear energy to date shook the world in 1986. After experiments on reactor block 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the operating team immediately triggered overcriticality through a grossly negligent "blackfall" attempt, which was made possible in particular by the reactor design of the RBMK with its positive vapor bubble coefficient. The sudden power excursion triggered the explosion of the reactor core and thus the worst-case scenario (greatest accident to be assumed). Radioactive particles rose into the air and spread around the globe.
1987: The Chernobyl catastrophe initiated a massive rethink in German nuclear energy policy. Research work on high-temperature reactor technology, which is considered to be “inherently safe”, also suffered and was discontinued. This also ended the research activities in CHP 2.
1988: The helium turbine plant was also taken out of service due to increasing economic and technical problems. The heat supply of the Sterkrad district heating network was ensured by the waste heat from Ruhrchemie, by the network system and, at peak times, also by the steam heating plant.
Extensions through the connection of the New Center Oberhausen (Centro)
1993: There was a lot of construction going on in the "Neue Mitte" Oberhausen. Evo was also involved. A 100/25/10 kV substation in the middle of the site had to be relocated. With the construction of a high-pressure transport branch line and the construction of a pumping station, the basis for connecting the planned area to the district heating network was created.
1994: The reintroduction of the tram meant that evo had to lay numerous power cables along the planned track. Independently of this, a change was prepared in the heating power station 2 in Sterkrade. The helium gas turbine, which was no longer in operation, was to be replaced by a modern, open gas turbine system with 25.45 MW electrical output and 35 MW heating output. Natural gas or light heating oil should be used as fuel.
1995: In December, the new MAN FT-8 gas turbine plant could be put into operation for the first time with the "First Firing". With this, evo received an entry in the Guinness Book of Records for the shortest construction time of a gas turbine system.
1996: evo celebrates its 25th anniversary.
1997: At HKW 1, the two old chimneys were replaced by a new central chimney. The color design changes the image of the work positively.
1998: The old 100 meter high chimney built with the hot air system was dismantled. Parts of the outer facade of the plant were given a new look.
2001: The power supply in Oberhausen has existed for 100 years. EVO can look back on 30 years of business activity. As a small incentive for the future, with a predominantly regenerative power generation, a solar sculpture was erected on the old heavy bunker structure that had supported the 100-meter chimney and the coal mills of the old hot air turbine.
2007: Planning studies for the renewal of the generation plants based on a combined cycle plant with the fuels natural gas and lignite at the location of the heating power plant 2 in Sterkrade or on the Ruhrchemie plant as a replacement for the existing plants were developed but not further for political and economic reasons tracked. As a domestic energy source, lignite fuel can be obtained economically over long periods of time, but in direct comparison with today's natural gas combustion it has a negative environmental balance, especially when taking into account CO 2 emissions.
Invest in the future
2008: In order to adapt the existing system to future requirements of the energy markets, an extensive upgrade program was started. Some of the important peripheral systems will be rebuilt and the so-called internal and external power plant control systems will be replaced. The work will be carried out during ongoing operations over a period of five years.
2010: In order to reduce the proportion of fossil fuels in the existing energy concept through the use of regenerative energies, it was decided to build a biomass cogeneration plant at the location of HKW 2. Most of the system components could be integrated into the existing halls of the old helium heater.
2011: The new biomass cogeneration plant was put into operation for the first time in February. The plant can feed an electrical output of 3.145 MW and a thermal output of 9.2 MW into the existing supply networks. Thanks to the burning of wood chips, CO 2 -neutral energy generation is possible. The system is operated all year round and thus generates the base heat load, which also has to be fed in in the summer months for reasons of hot water preparation. The share of the total heat supply is around 12%.
In addition, the existing boiler systems that were still in operation were equipped with LowNOx burners in order to keep them below the current emission limit values . In addition, the two full desalination plants, which are very important for the feed water supply to the steam power plants and for feeding the district heating network, were replaced by new, highly automated systems.
2013: After extensive redesign of the power plant control room, all retrofits and new installations were completed before the beginning of the heating season, so that the generation plants meet the current requirements and safe operation of the district heating network can continue to be achieved.
Web links / reference
- Energy supply Oberhausen AG
- Revierkraft - your electricity from home
- Internet presence of Strasserauf GmbH
- Reference object Heizkraftwerke Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG
- Reference object power plant maintenance area Energieversorgung Oberhausen AG
- Oberhausen views, Oberhausen thermal power station
- The hot air turbine in the thermal power industry and the Oberhausen thermal power station; by Gerhard Deuster
- The 50 MW helium turbine Oberhausen, construction and control; by K. Bammert, G. Krey, R. Krapp
Individual evidence
- ↑ History - 111 years of municipal electricity generation
- ↑ Anniversary publication 50 years of the Oberhausen electricity works
- ↑ Festschrift 100 Years of Municipal Power Supply