Heliodorus (Syrian General)

Raphael : The expulsion of Heliodors from the temple

Heliodorus was Chancellor of the Seleucid king Seleucus IV.

Life

Heliodorus' father was Aeschylus from Antioch on the Orontes ; Heliodorus grew up together with Seleucus IV. This had to pay tribute to Rome but to afford them could not afford, so he Heliodorus to Jerusalem sent to the missing sum from there Temple Treasure of Jerusalem to seize.

Heliodorus murdered Seleucus IV in 175 BC. And then became the guardian of his five-year-old son Antiochus. His uncle, the brother of Seleucus Antiochus IV , drove Heliodorus out in the same year with the help of the kings of Pergamon , Eumenes II and Attalus II.

Heliodorus in the Bible

Heliodoros is also mentioned in 2 Makk 3, 4–40 EU . The book reports that he tried to confiscate the temple treasures in Jerusalem on behalf of Seleucus IV . When the Jewish priests refused, he tried to enter the temple with a force. In Jerusalem, this caused great consternation among the residents who turned to God for help. The widows and orphans had also brought their possessions to the temple and handed over to the high priest in trustworthy hands. When Heliodorus storms the temple, the priest Onias begins to pray at the altar. Heliodorus then saw a "tremendous apparition" and was attacked by three horsemen and almost died. He was only through the intercession of the high priest Onias III. recovered and then gave up on his plan.

Art history

Wouter Crabeth : The Punishment of the Temple Robber Heliodorus

The expulsion of Heliodorus from the temple can sometimes be found as an art-historical motif.

Artists who worked on the topic:

Wouter Crabeth around 1566 as glass window number 8 with the theme The Punishment of the Temple Robber Heliodorus in the Sint Janskerk in Gouda
Raphael in frescoes in the rooms in the Vatican;
Jean-Ernest Aubert , who copied Raphael's frescoes as an engraving;
Francesco Solimena , monumental mural on the inner facade of the Gesú Nuovo church in Naples ;
Bertel Thorvaldsen 1791 as a relief;
Eugène Delacroix 1857 as a painting.
Franz Martin Kuen as a painting on the underside of the organ gallery of the Roggenburg monastery church

swell

↑ V. Pijls and other: De Goudse Glazen , foundation funds Goudse Glazen , Gouda 1993, pages 18 and 19
↑ Sabine Rehm-Deutinger: Review by: Xander van Eck / Christiane E. Coebergh-Surie / Andrea C. Gasten: The stained-glass windows in the Sint Janskerk at Gouda. The works of Dirck and Wouter Crabeth, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschapen 2002, in: sehepunkte 3 (2003), No. 5 (May 15, 2003)

literature

Walter Otto : Heliodoros 6 . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VIII, 1, Stuttgart 1912, Col. 12-15.

personal data
SURNAME	Heliodorus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Heliodor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Minister of King Seleucus IV.
DATE OF BIRTH	3rd century BC BC or 2nd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH	2nd century BC Chr.

[1] V. Pijls and other: De Goudse Glazen , foundation funds Goudse Glazen , Gouda 1993, pages 18 and 19

[2] Sabine Rehm-Deutinger: Review by: Xander van Eck / Christiane E. Coebergh-Surie / Andrea C. Gasten: The stained-glass windows in the Sint Janskerk at Gouda. The works of Dirck and Wouter Crabeth, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschapen 2002, in: sehepunkte 3 (2003), No. 5 (May 15, 2003)