Hemichromini

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Hemichromini
Hemichromis lifalili

Hemichromis lifalili

Systematics
without rank: Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Ovalentaria
Order : Cichliformes
Family : Cichlids (Cichlidae)
Subfamily : Pseudocrenilabrinae
Tribe : Hemichromini
Scientific name
Hemichromini
Hoedeman , 1947

The Hemichromini are a tribe of the cichlids (Cichlidae) to which two genera belong, Anomalochromis with the African butterfly cichlid as the only species and Hemichromis with 10 to 15 species in two species groups. Anomalochromis has a small range in western Africa, while Hemichromis is common from Senegal to Kenya and from Angola to the Upper Nile. The fish reach body lengths of six to twenty centimeters. All Hemichromini species are substrate spawners.

The African butterfly cichlid was described under the scientific name Paratilapia thomasi in 1915 . In 1980 it was placed in the genus Hemichromis in an aquarium trade journal due to a similar dentition, coloring and breeding biology . The two authors saw the species as a dwarf hemichromis . The British ichthyologist Peter Humphry Greenwood published an extensive study in 1985 on the systematic position of the African butterfly cichlid and placed the species in the newly introduced genus Anomalochromis . In his opinion, the differences are too great to place the African butterfly cichlid in the genus Hemichromis . Both are sister genera, however . A common feature of the genera is the lack of a channel for the sensory system in a specific bone (anguloarticular bone) of the temporomandibular joint. This feature is shared only by Anomalochromis and Hemichromis and does not occur in any other genus of cichlids examined for it. The sister group relationship of the two genera is now additionally supported by molecular biological data and meanwhile the name Hemichromini has established itself for the group.

In addition to the two recent genera, Mahengechromis , the oldest known genus of cichlids, could also be placed in the tribe Hemichromini due to various similarities with Hemichromis . The group would then be 40 to 45 million years old.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Anton Lamboj : The Cichlids of Western Africa. Nature and Animals, 2006, ISBN 3-86659-000-8 .
  2. ^ Boulenger, GA (1915): Descriptions of new freshwater fishes from Sierra Leone. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 8) v. 15 (no. 86): 202-204.
  3. ^ Wilson, MJ & Loiselle, PV (1980): Hemichromis thomasi (Boulenger, 1915). Cichlid Index 4 (5): 1 -2, In Buntbarsche Bulletin (J. Amer. Cichlid Assn.) No.78.
  4. ^ Peter Humphry Greenwood (1985): The generic status and affinities of Paratilapia thomasi Boulenger. 1915 (Teleostei, Cichlidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 49, 257 {272.
  5. ↑ Schwarzer J, Misof B, Tautz D, Schliewen UK (2009): The root of the East African cichlid radiations. BMC Evol. Biol., 9, 186.
  6. ↑ a b Matschiner, M., Musilová, Z., Barth, JMI, Starostová, Z., Salzburger, W., Steel, M. & Bouckaert, R. (2017): Bayesian Phylogenetic Estimation of Clade Ages Supports Trans-Atlantic Dispersal of Cichlid Fishes. Systematic Biology, 66 (1): 3-22. DOI: 10.1093 / sysbio / syw076 , pages 136-137 in the supplement.
  7. ^ Alison M. Murray: The Eocene Cichlids (Perciformes: Labroidei) of Mahenge, Tanzania © Alison M. Murray, 2000