Henri Claude

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Henri Claude

Henri Charles Jules Claude , sometimes also Charles Jules Henri Claude (born March 31, 1869 in Paris ; † November 29, 1945 Paris) was a French psychiatrist and neurologist and from 1922 to 1939 worked as director of the St. Anne Psychiatric Clinic in Paris .

Life

Claude was a student of Fulgence Raymond (1844-1910) at the historic Hôpital de la Salpêtrière . Claude became a representative of the 3rd generation of French dynamic psychiatry since its founder Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), since Raymond himself was a student of Charcot. Claude commissioned René Laforgue to set up a psychoanalytic outpatient clinic in his department. There were u. a. and Adrian Borel , Angélo Hesnard and Eugénie Sokolnicka operates. As head of the clinic, he apparently demanded that Eugénie Sokolnicka be replaced by her student René Laforgue, who had subjected himself to an analysis on her. Claude probably justified this with the fact that he only wanted doctors in his department.

Services

Henri Claude occupies a key position in the spread of psychoanalysis in France, since the establishment of the Société Psychanalytique de Paris (SPP) in 1926, with which Freud worked personally, was occupied by people who worked at the St. Anne Clinic. Claude saw himself as a representative of the "Cartesian spirit" of psychoanalysis, which probably means that he knew how to take into account the traditions of French psychiatry. He was open to the representations of Adolf bribes when he presented the concept of defense neuropsychoses, the later psychoneuroses, at the congress of the Société de Neurologie on July 4, 1907. Henri Ey took the form of psychodynamism from his teacher Claude. Claude dealt with schizophrenia and saw "dissociation" as the main symptom. This dissociation is to be understood as a break in the mental unity, which u. a. can be seen in the interaction of the affective, intellectual and psychomotor functions. This concept of schizophrenia clearly shows that Claude was associated with the neurophysiological view of mental illness inherent in the tradition of the Montpellier School .

The name Claude is known in the medical literature as Claude-Loyez syndrome, also referred to simply as Claude syndrome, which is observed in limited damage to the ruber nucleus in the midbrain and is associated with paralysis (of the oculomotor and hemiparesis) and tremors.

Furthermore, the paralysis syndrome of the oath hand as an expression of a paralysis of the median nerve , especially in France, is named as "Claude's sign" (Signe de Claude).

The increase in reflexes in spastic paralyzed extremities, described by Claude in 1910 as “hyperkinesis”, is also referred to in France as “Claude's sign” (Signe de Claude) and is considered a prognostically favorable sign, cf. spastic paralysis .

Works

  • La méthode psychanalytique et la doctrine freudienne.
  • Démence précoce et schizophrénie.

literature

  • Paul Cossa: Précis d'anatomie du système nerveux central . Foreword by Henri Claude

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Elisabeth Roudinesco , Michel Plon: Dictionary of Psychoanalysis. Names, countries, works, terms . Springer, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-211-83748-5 ; (a) on "Henri Claude": p. 154 f .; (b) on "Henri Ey": p. 277 f. books.google.de
  2. ↑ a b c Alainde Mijolla: Henri Charles Jules Claude . In: Gale Dictionary of Psychoanalysis . Gale Group, 2005, Answers.com
  3. ↑ Christine Diercks: Eugenia Sokolnicka . In: Knowledge platform for psychoanalysis . Psyalpha ( Memento of the original from October 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / psyalpha.net
  4. ↑ a b c Marcel Garnier, Valery Delamare: Dictionnaire des termes techniques de médecine . Librairie Maloine, 1965; (a) Lexicon-Stw. "Dissociation", "discordance", "schizophrénie": p. 915; (b) Lexicon-Stw. “Poing fermé”: page 808; (c) Lexicon-Stw. "Hyperkinésie": p. 490
  5. ^ Klaus Dörner : Citizens and Irre. On the social history and sociology of science in psychiatry (1969). Fischer Taschenbuch, books of knowledge, Frankfurt / M. 1975, ISBN 3-436-02101-6 ; “School of Montpellier”, “Neurophysiology”: pp. 121 ff., 203
  6. ↑ Claude (Loyez) Syndrome . In: Norbert Boss (Ed.): Roche Lexicon Medicine . 2nd Edition. Hoffmann-La Roche AG and Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1987, ISBN 3-541-13191-8 ; P. 312, Gesundheit.de/roche
personal data
SURNAME Claude, Henri
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Claude, Charles Jules Henri (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French medic
DATE OF BIRTH March 31, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1945
Place of death Paris