Henrik Harpestraeng

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Henrik Harpestraeng , in Danish Henrik Harpestræng , also to be found as Henrik Harpestreng (* around 1164; † April 4, 1244 in Roskilde , Denmark ), was a Danish doctor, also known as Henricus Dacus (Henry the Dane), author of botanical and medical writings and canon .

Life

Harpestraeng was a canon at Roskilde Cathedral and possibly the personal physician of King Erik Plovpenning . Magister Harpestraeng's most important work is said to have been the Herbarium Urtebogen with 150 chapters on plants and their organs. The assignment to Harpestraeng is uncertain. The clerical doctor Alexander Hispanus , who was mistaken for harpestra-tight, if at all existing, is still unlikely to be the author . The main sources for the herbarium were the Macer floridus by Odo Magdunensis and the Liber graduum by Constantinus Africanus . Two copies, made around 1300, have been preserved. Other scriptures deal with astrology, bloodletting, cupping, and hygiene. He was wrongly attributed a shorthand about the medicinal benefits of stones and a cookbook ( Kogebog ) in which French cuisine was described for the first time .

Henrik Harpestræng or "Pseudo-Harpestraeng" stands in the tradition of the school of Salerno , where he may have also studied, in which ancient Greek medicine ( Galenus of Pergamon ) was taught as well as medieval Arabic medicine ( Canon of Medicine by Avicenna ).

Work editions

  • Poul Hauberg (Ed.): Henrik Harpestraeng: Liber herbarum. Copenhagen 1936.

literature

  • Richard K. Emmerson: Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge, 2013. ISBN 978-1-136-77518-5 , pp. 299 f.
  • Willem Frans Daems, Gundolf Keil : Henrik Harpestraengs 'Latinske Urtebog' in the medieval Netherlands. In: Specialized prose studies. Contributions to medieval science and intellectual history. Edited by Gundolf Keil with Peter Assion , Willem Frans Daems and Heinz-Ulrich Roehl, Berlin 1982, pp. 396–416.
  • Gundolf Keil: Harpestræng, Henrik. In: Burghart Wachinger et al. (Hrsg.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd, completely revised edition, volume 3: Gert van der Schüren - Hildegard von Bingen De Gruyter. Berlin / New York 1981, ISBN 3-11-007264-5 , Sp. 476-479.
  • Gundolf Keil: Harpestraeng, Henrik (He [i] nricus Dacus). In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. Edited by Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil and Wolfgang Wegner, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 535.

Web links

  • Digital copy of the Liber Herbarum (NKS 66 8º)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Henricus Dacus (Henrik Harpestreng): De Simplicibus medicinis laxativis. (For the first time) ed. by John WS Johnsson, Copenhagen 1914 (and, annotated in: Janus 22, 1917, pp. 27–55 and 61–114).
  2. ^ Gundolf Keil: Henrik Harpestraeng. In: Lexikon des Mittelalters IV, 2139.
  3. ^ Poul Hauberg (ed.): Henrik Harpestraeng: Liber herbarum. Copenhagen 1936.
  4. ↑ Ute Mauch: A medieval herbal book from the 14th century, a new version of the Latin Macer? In: Gesnerus. Volume 63, 2006, pp. 181-208, here: p. 190.
  5. ↑ See also William C. Crossgrove: An early tradition of the Alexander Hispanus. In: Sudhoff's archive. Volume 64, 1980, p. 391 f.
personal data
SURNAME Henrik Harpestraeng
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Henrik Harpestræng (Danish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Danish canon and author
DATE OF BIRTH around 1164
DATE OF DEATH April 4, 1244
Place of death Roskilde