Henry Baldwin (judge)
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Henry Baldwin (born January 14, 1780 in New Haven , Connecticut , † April 21, 1844 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ) was an American politician ( Democratic Republican Party ) and lawyer . He served as a judge on the United States Supreme Court .
biography
After attending the Hopkins School in New Haven, the half-brother of Abraham Baldwin , one of the founding fathers of the United States , began studying at Yale University in 1793, graduating in 1797. After he received his license to practice law in Pennsylvania in 1798, he began practicing law . On March 4, 1817, the Masonic Baldwin became a member of the United States House of Representatives, representing the 14th Congressional Constituency of Pennsylvania . He exercised this mandate after several re-elections until his resignation on May 8, 1822.
After the death of Bushrod Washington on November 26, 1829, he was appointed as his successor by US President Andrew Jackson on January 18, 1830 as Associate Justice at the Supreme Court of the United States and held this office until his death For 14 years.
Two significant decisions were made during his tenure at the Supreme Court :
- In the Worcester v. Georgia by 1832 he held a dissenting opinion. The procedure is one of the most important decisions, as it is the first time that the Court is dealing with the legal status of indigenous peoples within the United States of America. The court ruled that the member states are not allowed to make regulations on relations with indigenous peoples, but that the competence for this lies solely with the federal government.
- In the Barron v. Baltimore of 1833, which set the precedent for the question of whether the Bill of Rights also apply in the relationship between citizen and state, he endorsed the majority opinion written by Chief Justice John Marshall .
In 1837 Baldwin published A General View of the Origin and Nature of the Constitution and Government of the United States . Robert Cooper Grier was only succeeded as a judge at the US Supreme Court two years after his death .
In 1838 he was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society .
Web links
- Henry Baldwin in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress (English)
- Henry Baldwin in nndb (English)
- Biography (The Supreme Court Historical Society)
- Biography (michaelariens.com)
- Biography (jrank.org)
Individual evidence
- ^ Member History: Henry Baldwin. American Philosophical Society, accessed April 18, 2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Baldwin, Henry |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American politician and lawyer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 14, 1780 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | New Haven , Connecticut |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 21, 1844 |
| Place of death | Philadelphia , Pennsylvania |