Herbicide resistant weeds
Herbicide-resistant weeds or super weeds are in the field economy weeds that undesirable the crops on agricultural land ( cultural formations accompany) while resistance to herbicides have developed. The term is less based on the fact that some plant species naturally have a tolerance to certain pesticides. In the English-speaking world, the term superweeds is used for this .
The observations include the developed resistance to the broad spectrum herbicide glyphosate , which is widely used worldwide and which was originally marketed by the Monsanto Group from 1974 under the brand name Roundup . It is also used in genetically modified maize, soy, cotton and other species that are insensitive to this herbicide thanks to green genetic engineering .
One of the more well-known problems is the pigweed ( Amaranthus palmeri ) up to 3 m tall on cotton crops.
In the database of the International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds project , 432 different types of resistance were recorded by mid-2014. Of these 432 types, 145 are found in the United States . The more severely affected countries also include Australia and Canada. A total of 65 countries with problems are recorded. This phenomenon also occurs in Germany. This affects 22 of a total of around 28 known active substances / mechanisms of action that are the basis of over 150 different approved herbicides. They occur in the fields of 82 species of crops.
In Switzerland , the cantons are most affected Geneva , Vaud , Bern and Schaffhausen . The agricultural research institute Agroscope recorded resistance to various pesticides in four grasses and weeds. Field foxtail grass causes the most problems .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b http://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/superweeds-sprout-farmland-controversy-over-gmos-n214996
- ↑ http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/our ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. -failing-food-system / industrial-agriculture / the-rise-of-superweeds.html
- ↑ International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds
- ↑ a b c Christoph Then, Runa Böddinghaus: Superweeds - resistant weeds threaten the harvest! The principle of industrial agriculture at a dead end. A study on behalf of the Greens / European Free Alliance and Martin Häusling, MEP. September 2014
- ↑ http://www.taz.de/!5032298/
- ↑ Resistance as a danger - super weeds: Swiss farmers suffer more and more losses In: srf.ch , April 24, 2018, accessed on April 26, 2018.
