Hesperidium
A hesperidium (plural hesperidia ) or an endocarp berry or armored berry is the botanical name for a fleshy berry fruit with a firm, leathery shell (armor). The term endocarp berry refers to the inner layer of the ovary , the so-called endocarp , from which the pulp develops.
The bowl contains glands with essential oils in depressions . It consists of the epidermis , which forms the waxy surface, the colored flavedo or exocarp underneath and the almost white albedo or mesocarp underneath. The fleshy interior consists of sections (slices) separated from each other by (double) skins, the so-called carpels , which are filled with fluid-filled sacs made of specialized hair cells .
Well-known examples are citrus fruits like orange or lemon .
The name Hesperidium was introduced by Linnaeus in the middle of the 18th century based on the golden fruits from the gardens of the Hesperides from Greek mythology . However, in 1646 the Italian botanist Giovanni Baptista Ferrari had already written a four-volume work entitled Hesperides sive de malorum aureorum cultura et usu libri quatuor on the genus Citrus, and at the beginning of the 18th century the two-volume work Nürnbergische Hesperides, or Thorough, appeared in Nuremberg Description of the noble citronate, lemons and Pomerantzen fruits ... of the Nuremberg businessman Johann Christoph Volkamer .
Web links
- Citrus plants at the Botanical Gardens of the University of Bonn, accessed on December 13, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Theodor CH Cole: Dictionary of Biology. 4th edition, Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-64255327-1 , p. 91.
- ↑ Jochen Martz: Agrumen (...) to a third part of his Hesperidibus. On the unknown series of engravings for a third volume of the “Nuremberg Hesperides”. In: The garden art . 23, 2011, pp. 151-194.