Historia Austrialis

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As Historia Austrialis (German: Austrian History ), also known as Historia Friderici III is a historical work of Enea Silvio Piccolomini called. The work describes the history of Austria from its beginnings to 1452 and the reign of Frederick III.

content

A special feature of the Historia Austrialis is the fact that it is handed down in three editorial offices, these also represent stages of development of the work and differ significantly in content and structure.

First editing

The first editorial was as a history of the reign of Frederick III. originated in the years 1451/52. The actual content is preceded by a praefatio, the narrative begins with the accession of Frederick as Duke of Austria (1435). This is followed by a report on his pilgrimage to Jerusalem, the guardianship of his nephew Siegmund and the death of Albrecht II (1439). The election of Frederick as king, the resolution of the conflicts in Milan (1477–1450), as well as that between Nuremberg and the Margrave Albrecht Achilles, and internal church affairs (1446–1448) form a further block of content. The end of the first edition is the coronation of the emperor and the marriage of Frederick to Eleanor of Portugal in Rome (1452).

Second editorial office

The second editorial is a supplement and revision of the first as well as the working basis of the third . It is expanded to a universal history of Austria, this was created in the years 1454/55. It starts with a letter dedicated to Friedrich III. This is followed by the prehistory of Austria with comments on the origins, topography and a description of the city of Vienna . This universal history of Austria breaks off with the reign of the Babenbergs and is continued with Friedrich's accession. In comparison with the first version, Piccolomini only adds a Turkish speech and breaks off with the description of the Austrian aristocratic uprisings under the leadership of Ulrich von Eyczing .

Third editorial office

The third editorial department first divides the work, which is now also specifically referred to as Historia Austrialis , into seven books and was created in the Cardinalate Piccolominis between 1456 and 1458. Unlike the two predecessors, the third begins without a praefatio or dedication, but starts directly with the Prehistory of Austria, this follows the second version. This is followed by the addition of an excursus about the Hohenstaufen before describing the reign of the Babenbergs. As in version two, this one also remains unfinished. The reign of Frederick III. largely follows the second version, but the Turkish speech is removed again. Piccolomini also adds the peace agreement of the Austrian uprisings to the ending with the handover of Ladislaus Postumus (1452). After these events the reporting breaks off, the work remains unfinished. A possible fourth editorial office has not been preserved.

style

As an outstanding literary educated person of his time, Silvio Enea Piccolomini follows the characteristics of classical ancient historiography. First he takes on the tripartite division of ancient historians, his work describes in detail the origins ( etiology ) and early days of Austria, while the "interim period" is only sketched out and he reports on contemporary history in detail. Piccolomini is, due to the proximity to the royal and later imperial chancellery, a uniquely well-informed contemporary witness of the reign of Friedrich III. Likewise, fictional speeches and dialogues, like something between Friedrich III. and Pope Nicholas V , borrowed from ancient models, as well as excursions and descriptions of the country. Piccolomini's Latin is closely based on the classical models, but must nevertheless be described as a child of its time, ie there are clear deviations from the classical. Achim Thomas Hack describes the history of Silvio Enea Piccolomini as follows:

“ If he [...] clearly focuses on contemporary history - especially as far as he has experienced it himself - it is also often closely related to geography, ethnography and (auto) biography - including ancient traditions and modern authors paving the way. Enea's historiography shows its author as a writer who attentively observes the country and its people, as well as contemporary politics, in which he was himself closely involved, who knows how to classify it with a historical perspective and present it at a high stylistic level; regional studies and contemporary history are interwoven with him as a matter of course . "

expenditure

  • Eneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Part 1, 1st editing . Monumenta Germaniae Historia Volume XXIV, 1. Knödler, Julia (Ed.). Hanover. 2009.
  • Eneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Part 2, 2nd and 3rd editorial . Monumenta Germaniae Historia Volume XXIV, 2. Wagendorfer, Martin von (Ed.). Hanover. 2009.

translation

  • Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini: Historia Austrialis. Austrian history . Translated by Jürgen Sarnowsky. (Selected sources on the German history of the Middle Ages. Freiherr - vom - Stein Memorial Edition. No. 44). Darmstadt. 2005.

literature

  • Knödler, Julia: Thoughts on the creation of the "Historia Austrialis". In: Fuchs, Franz (Ed.): Enea Silvio Piccolomini north of the Alps. Files from the interdisciplinary symposium from November 18 to 19, 2005 at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich. Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz. 2008. pp. 53-76.
  • Wagendorfer, Martin von: Edition history of the "Historia Austrialis" of Eneas Silvius Piccolomini . In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages. No. 64, pp. 65-108.
  • Wagendorfer, Martin von: Studies on the "Historia Austrialis" of Aeneas Silvius de Picolominibus . Vienna, Munich, Oldenburg. In: Communications from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research. Supplementary Volume No. 43.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Knödler, Julia: Considerations on the origin of the "Historia Austrialis". (see literature)
  2. ↑ First editorial on www.dmgh.de
  3. ^ Wagendorfer, Martin von: Studies for the "Historia Austrialis" of Aeneas Silvius de Picolominibus . (see literature)
  4. ↑ Second editing on www.dmgh.de
  5. ^ Wagendorfer, Martin von: Edition history of the "Historia Austrialis" of Eneas Silvius Piccolomini . (see literature)
  6. ↑ Third editorial team at www.dmgh.de
  7. ^ Wagendorfer: Studies on the "Historia Austrialis" of Aeneas Silvius de Picolominibus . Supplementary Volume No. 43. p. 24.
  8. ^ Wagendorfer, Martin von: Edition history of the "Historia Austrialis" of Eneas Silvius Piccolomini . (see literature)
  9. ^ Fuhrmann, Martin: History of Roman Literature . Stuttgart. 1999. pp. 231-254.
  10. ↑ Hack, Achim Thomas: The reception ceremony at medieval Pope - Emperor - meetings . In: Research on the Emperor - Pope history of the Middle Ages. Supplements to JF Böhmers, Regesta Imperii No. 18. Cologne, Weimar, Vienna et al. 1999. p. 16.