High voltage
A high-voltage system , or high-voltage ( HV for short ), is a term from vehicle technology for systems that are operated with AC voltages above 30 V to 1 kV or with DC voltages above 60 V to 1.5 kV. A " high-voltage battery " or " high-voltage storage " is an electrical energy source for mobile and stationary applications. When used in vehicles , it is also referred to as a drive battery or a traction battery .
Systems that are operated with alternating voltages in the vehicle sector up to and including 30 V or direct voltages up to and including 60 V are referred to as low-voltage systems or low-voltage systems ( NV ) and are primarily used in vehicle electrical systems. The distinction is particularly important for vehicles with electric drive such as electric cars , hybrid vehicles , vehicles with fuel cells or accumulators .
The term high voltage should not be confused with the term high voltage from electrical energy engineering . The distinction between high and low voltage in vehicle technology is intended to make the increased risk potential clear to the layperson.
High-voltage storage
A high-voltage storage device or a high-voltage battery (abbreviated to "HV battery") is an electrical energy source for mobile and stationary applications. It is preferably used in electrified vehicles or as a stationary storage device for solar or peak shaving applications. As peak clipping ( "Peak Shaving") in the energy smoothing of peak loads in industrial and commercial power consumers will be referred to; it contributes to the stability of the power grid . A high-voltage battery consists of individual battery modules in which individual accumulator cells are encapsulated, which, when connected in series, supply an electrical voltage of several hundred volts.
safety
Cables and connection components of the HV system are marked in orange according to ISO 6469-3 and ECE-R 100 (colloquially "high-voltage orange").
A triangular yellow warning symbol with a black lightning bolt and frame (similar to DIN 4844-2 ) must be placed near the electrical energy storage device as a hazard sign.
literature
- Martin Frei: Basics of high-voltage automotive technology: basic knowledge, components, safety. 3rd, exp. Ed., Krafthand Medien, Bad Wörishofen 2018, ISBN 978-3-87441-163-9
Web links
- High-voltage competence. Background to the high-voltage technology of electric and hybrid vehicles. Krafthand Medien GmbH, Bad Wörishofen
- Hans-Martin Fischer (responsible): Voltage classes in electromobility . Ed .: ZVEI - Central Association of the Electrical and Electronics Industry. December 2013 ( zvei.org [PDF]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Qualification for work on vehicles with high-voltage systems. In: DGUV Information 200-005. German Statutory Accident Insurance , April 2012, accessed on November 27, 2019 .
- ^ Hans-Martin Fischer (responsible): Voltage classes in electromobility . Ed .: ZVEI - Central Association of the Electrical and Electronics Industry. December 2013, p. 12 ( zvei.org [PDF]).
- ↑ Source: What is Peak Shaving? . Next power plants
- ↑ Tassilo Sagawe, DEKRA : Safety of high-voltage technology in electric and hybrid vehicles. March 2010, accessed May 30, 2018 .
- ↑ Standard: The insulation of the high-voltage cables is colored orange. In: Focus Online . November 24, 2014, accessed May 30, 2018 .
- ↑ Regulation No. 100 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) - Uniform conditions for the approval of vehicles with regard to the special requirements for electric drives [2015/505]. March 31, 2015, accessed November 27, 2019 .