Hornwerk
A bastion front pushed forward into the ditch , which was one of the outer works of an early modern fortress , is called a hornwork . It consisted of two with a curtain wall connected half bastions , which were framed by long flanks. A ravelin could have been placed in front of the curtain wall. The crown work is to be distinguished from the horn work ; this consists of at least two bastion fronts.
Horn works emerged in the late 16th century as an element of the old Dutch fortification method and were usually built on particularly endangered sections. Mostly it was in front of the curtain wall between two bastions, but could also serve as an independent structure (e.g. as a bridgehead ). The painting of its wings was usually carried out from the bastion faces . The hornwork was also one of the basic forms of field fortifications .
See also
literature
- Christopher Duffy: Siege Warfare. The Fortress in the Early Modern World 1494-1660 . 2nd Edition. Routledge, London / New York 1996, ISBN 0-415-14649-6 .
- Michael Losse : Hornwerk. In: Horst Wolfgang Böhme , Reinhard Friedrich, Barbara Schock-Werner (Hrsg.): Dictionary of castles, palaces and fortresses . Reclam, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-15-010547-1 , p. 159, doi: 10.11588 / arthistoricum.535 .
- Georg Ortenburg, Siegfried Fiedler: Armies of the modern age . 10 volumes. Bernard & Graefe, Koblenz 1984–1993, ISBN 3-7637-5813-5 .