Hot Club Leipzig
The Hot Club Leipzig , or HCL for short , was a nationally known informal jazz club in Leipzig , which was initiated in the 1930s by Kurt Michaelis ("Hot-Geyer").
history
The club did not have a permanent clubhouse; they met by prior arrangement in the Stamm-Cafe in one of the apartments of those interested and held the jazz evenings there. The members had a nickname, which was part of the style of the time and later turned out to be a great advantage. The Gestapo spy sitting at the next table did not know the plain names.
The jazz friends gathered on so-called "blue montages" around a case gramophone that can be operated with the winding crank and listened to American, British and German jazz recordings. Furthermore, the members made contacts with hot clubs and jazz enthusiasts in other cities and countries. As early as 1930, some members went to Berlin , the German mecca of jazz, to see the bands of Dajos Béla and Lud Gluskin . Two years later, a performance by Louis Armstrong in London was her goal. In 1934 they visited London for the second time, there they met Max Abrams, Jack Hylton's drummer , and also the record collector and later record dealer and drummer Carlo Krahmer, who came to Leipzig for a return visit in 1936. Michaelis himself corresponded with Leonard Feather , who published the news about the increasing suppression of jazz in Germany in the Melody Maker , and with American record collectors such as Ross Russell , so that the members of the Hot Club also talked about current concerts, such as the Carnegie Hall Concert in 1938 were informed of Benny Goodman by correspondence.
Under the National Socialist rule, the activities of the HCL were considered illegal. Renowned jazz greats such as Jutta Hipp later emerged from the circles of the HCL . The members of the HCL included (in chronological order of their arrival):
Kurt Michaelis ("Hot-Geyer"), "Fiddlin 'Joe" Joachim Frommann, Stefan Krywes, Scheer, Klude, Robert Schramm, "Teddie" Frohwalt Neubert - Drums, "Schütterfürst", "Rhythm-Doc Salm", Joachim Leipziger, Georgie Catsaros, Cliff Rossmeisl , Lutz Warschauer, Peter Fuchs, "Herby" Herbert Becke - bass, "Ibse" Hans Gross, Siggi Michel, Ingfried Henze, HJ Beugel, Lammy Sathoff, Maria Becke-Rausch , Jutta Hipp , "Wasp" Hertha Thomas, Willi Lichtinger, Gerhardt Wienstroht, Charlie Rohmann, "Beehive" Eva Landmann, Evi Stampa, Pfeifer, Tom Haller, "Pee Wee" Morell-Bohrmann, "Kuli" Schmidt, Roger Rossmeisl , Hans Krayer, Dieter Jörs, Rolf Wiedemann - Alto, Werner Tautz - piano, Rolf Kühn - clar., Albert Leyko - tenor, Herbert Beck - tenor, Herzog - bass, Erling Corneliussen - tenor, Alf Corneliussen - trombone + piano, Wolfgang Doleys - guitar, "Tom" Thomas Buhé - Guitar, Walter Eichenberg - Trump., Fips Fleischer , Harry Passage, Rolf Keller, Götz Wagner, Wolfgang Schultz, Rolf Melzer, Wolfgang Arndt - Drums, Hans Reinhold - Trump., Dieter Resch, Rolf Cratzschik, Wolfgang Günther, Rolf Weller, Teddy Göpner.
As the war continued , more and more members were drafted into military service; the young women "became a stable element because they could not be called up." The members now not only listened to jazz records and the BBC programs , but also founded their own, informal band that played mainly swing .
On April 18, 1945, Leipzig was occupied by American troops. Now everyone hoped to free themselves from illegality and be able to play jazz and swing in public again. The first band soon established itself in the ballroom of the Hotel Fürstenhof. But the joy was short-lived. According to the agreements of the Yalta conference , the Soviet military administration took over rule in Leipzig on July 2, 1945 , the Americans withdrew to Bavaria, some musicians from the Hot Club followed immediately or with a delay to perform in American clubs.
The German Jazz Federation was formed from the hot clubs in Germany in the 1950s .
literature
- Julius Becke: Really the Blues. A youth 1927–1948.
- Rainer Bratfisch: Free tones. The jazz scene in the GDR . Ch.links, Berlin 2005.
- Michael H. Kater: A daring game. Jazz under National Socialism . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 1995.
- J. Kurz: "Swinging Democracy". Youth protest in the 3rd Reich (History of Youth, Vol. 21.) Münster 1995.
- D. Peukert: Edelweiss pirates , packs, swing. Youth subcultures in the Third Reich. In: Gerhard Huck (Ed.): Social history of leisure . Wuppertal 1980, pp. 307-327.
- Bernd Polster (Ed.): Swing Heil. Jazz under National Socialism. Berlin 1989.
- F. Ritter (Ed.): Heinrich Himmler and the love of swing - memories and documents. Leipzig 1994.
- E. Stiller: From "Swing" to "Edelweiss". Life worlds of young people. In: Learning History. Anthology National Socialism . Velber 2000.
Web links
- The history of the hot clubs
- Sandra Müller, Julika Stark: Heinz, Fritz, the present and other suspects "Youth under National Socialism" as a mystery (PDF)
- »Culture« In the Berlin cultural scene in the thirties, ... (PDF; 1.3 MB)
See also
References and comments
- ↑ People often met in “Geyer-Horst”, as Kurt Michaelis's Gohlis apartment was called among his friends, or from late 1938 at “Goethe-Papa” Franz Neubert , the father of the drummer “Teddie” Frohwalt Neubert .
- ↑ There was something ritual about these meetings: jackets and ties were required as clothing, tea and biscuits were served.
- ↑ Michael H. Kater: Daring Game , p. 152ff.
- ↑ Robert Schramm ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Brilliant music Werner Tautz
- ↑ Herbert Beck ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Michael H. Kater: Daring Game , p. 280f.
- ↑ 2nd Infantry Division , Burning Tank
- ↑ One hoped to be under American administration in the future, rather than having anything to do with the Russians.
- ↑ It was agreed that part of Berlin (the western zones) would be "exchanged" for the "eastern areas" conquered by the Americans.
