Hreljin
| Hreljin | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : |
 Croatia
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| County : |
 Primorje-Gorski kotar
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| Municipality : | Bakar | ||
| Height : | 320 m. i. J. | ||
| Residents : | 2,500 (2001) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+385) 051 | ||
| Postal code : | 51 226 | ||
| License plate : | RI | ||
| Boat registration : | BA | ||
| Structure and administration | |||
| Community type : | settlement | ||
Hreljin is a village in Croatia that has belonged to the city of Bakar since 1994 . This is located in Primorje-Gorski kotar County. It has about 2,500 inhabitants (census 2001 ).
location
Hreljin is located in the hinterland of Bakar Bay and about 26 km from Rijeka. The village is built on a mountain slope (approx. 320 m above sea level). With one exception, there are practically no level roads.
Name of the place
In Old Slavic Hreljin was called "Hrilin", this means Hercules.
history
When Hreljin was founded is unknown. Hreljin must have been an important town in the Kvarner region earlier, as evidenced by various ancient writings from this region.
The historical Hreljin included the present-day communities Hreljin, Zlobin, Kraljevica, Križišće and Bakarac. That is, Hreljin was rich in lands, the size of the Adriatic Sea to the mountains of Zlobin.
The remains of a Roman fortress and three milestones have been found on the Gradac mountain peak between Hreljin and Bakarac.
The Frankopan princes ruled Hreljin from 1225.
The city was first mentioned in writing on January 6, 1288, in the Vinodol Code.
The code of law is one of the oldest codes of law in Europe. The Vinodol municipalities Grobnik, Trsat (Rijeka), Bakar, Hreljin, Drivenik, Grižane, Bribir, Ledenice and Novigrad (today Novi Vinodolski) signed this code. The code of law protected, among other things, serfs and the common man from the feudal lords and the courts. It is also written in Croatian and in italic Glagolitic script.
The old church was built in the 15th century .
The first port of Hreljin was built in 1443, this port soon developed into an independent settlement "Kraljevica" and split off from Hreljin.
1449 Ivan Frankopan took control of Hreljin
In 1522/1524/1524 Hreljin suffered from the Turkish attacks. The Turkish attacks and looting lasted for centuries until around 1770.
From 1550 to 1670 Hreljin was under the rule of the Zrinski . At that time, two towers with a wall and two entrance gates were built, you can no longer see them today.
1600 was one of the worst years of the Turkish attacks, they looted the entire area.
In the Middle Ages and beyond, Bakarac served as the port of the Hreljin district.
Hreljin was a strategically important point. Here they controlled the entire land route, along the coast, north and south.
In 1670 the princes of Zrinski take over the rule of Hreljin, thus the era of the Frankopan princes came to an end.
When the Karolinenstrasse was built in 1726, some residents moved to the new settlement Hreljin Pikat, northwest of the old settlement - towards Rijeka.
With the abandonment of the old town, the history of the historical Hreljins also ended. The size of the historical Hreljin included the current settlements of Hreljin, Ruzic-Selo, Zlobin, Kraljevica, Križišće and Bakarac. Ruzic-Selo and Piket make up today's Hreljin.
In 1790 a new parish church in the Gothic style was built in today's Hreljin. The treasures (Gothic monstrance from the 15th century, host vessel, reliquary of St. Lucia, etc.) from the old church, which were destroyed by lightning, were moved to the new church (1794). You can still visit the ruins of old Hreljins today.
The first large school is built in 1853, at that time Hreljin had a population of around 2800.
In the 19th century , numerous residents of Hreljin, residents speak of over 50 percent, emigrated to the USA, Canada, Gorski Kotar, Karlovac, Bjelovar, Varaždin, Brestacu near Novska. This was due to the poor economic situation.
During the Second World War, Hreljin was occupied by the Italian occupation forces, and many non-Italians and others were sent to the Bakar and Kraljevica concentration camps.
On October 7, 1943, 89 civilians were shot by German soldiers in Hreljin in retaliation for a German soldier killed by partisans. That day the whole town was sacked by German soldiers. Only personal documents, such as B. Study books were thrown away by German soldiers on the way. (This has been independently confirmed by many eyewitnesses.) On September 8, 1943, Hreljin was liberated and the concentration camp in the area was dissolved.
Attractions
- The ruins of the old city and the old Hreljin Church. After the construction of the Karolingerstrasse in 1726, the town was isolated and the residents moved to the present village. Fortification walls with corner towers and two city gates that enclose the remains of around fifty houses have been preserved. At the most advanced point there is a feudal fort.
- The St George Church of Hreljin. This ruin is in old Hreljin, it was built between the 16th and 17th centuries. Next to it is a Lady Chapel from 1699.
Sports
Hreljin has its own football club, "NK Naprijed Hreljin".