Horseshoe bat-like
| Horseshoe bat-like | ||||||||||||
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Great horseshoe bat ( Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Rhinolophoidea | ||||||||||||
| Gray , 1825 |
The horseshoe bat-like (Rhinolophoidea) are a superfamily within the bats (Chiroptera). They are common in much of the Old World ( Eurasia , Africa, and Australia ).
The physical similarities that indicate a relationship between these externally very different animals are, among other things, the structure of the jawbones, ribs and sternum as well as the curved penis bones (baculum).
All representatives of this group are carnivores; in addition to insectivorous species, there are also species that feed primarily on vertebrates. With the Australian ghost bat, the world's largest bat species is also a horseshoe bat.
Phylogenetically , the horseshoe bat-like form the sister taxon of the fruit bats (Pteropodidae). For more details, see under Systematics of the bats .
This group includes around 150 species that can be divided into six families:
- Pig- nosed bat (Craseonycteridae)
- Round-leaf noses (Hipposideridae)
- Large-leaf noses (Megadermatidae)
- Slit noses (Nycteridae)
- Horseshoe bat (Rhinolophidae)
- Rhinonycteridae .
The round-leaf noses are sometimes classified as the subfamily Hipposiderinae in the horseshoe bat, the close relationship of the two taxa is undisputed.
literature
- Kate E. Jones, Andy Purvis, Ann MacLarnon, Olaf R. Bininda-Emonds, Nancy B. Simmons: A phylogenetic supertree of the bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) . In: Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society . tape 77 , no. 2 , 2002, p. 223-259 , doi : 10.1017 / S1464793101005899 ( molekularesystematik.uni-oldenburg.de [PDF; 5.2 MB ; accessed on May 15, 2018]).
Individual evidence
- ^ Teeling, EC; Springer, M .; Madsen, O .; Bates, P .; O'Brien, S .; Murphy, W. (2005). A Molecular Phylogeny for Bats Illuminates Biogeography and the Fossil Record . Science. 307 (5709): 580-584. doi: 10.1126 / science.1105113
- ↑ Nicole M. Foley, Vu Dinh Thong, Pipat Soisook, Steven M. Goodman, Kyle N. Armstrong, David S. Jacobs, Sébastien J. Puechmaille, Emma C. Teeling. 2015. How and Why Overcome the Impediments to Resolution: Lessons from rhinolophid and hipposiderid Bats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 32, Issue 2, February 1, 2015, Pages 313–333, doi: 10.1093 / molbev / msu329