Hypofluoric acid

Structural formula
General
Surname	Hypofluoric acid
other names	Hypofluoric acid; Hydroxyl fluoride;
Molecular formula	COURT
Brief description	white solid (<−117 ° C); yellowish liquid (> −117 ° C);
External identifiers / databases
PubChem	123334
Wikidata	Q417652
properties
Molar mass	36.01 g mol −1
Melting point	−117 ° C
boiling point	10-20 ° C
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

As hypofluorous acid , rarely Hydroxylfluorid or outdated Unterfluorige acid called, refers to the only known oxygen acid of fluorine . It has the empirical formula HOF. Their salts would be called hypofluorites , but are unknown. Formally, oxygen in this compound has the oxidation state 0.

Extraction and presentation

Hypofluorous acid is formed in small quantities in addition to hydrofluoric acid and oxygen when molecular fluorine reacts with ice at −40 ° C. It can be obtained as a white solid by freezing it in a cold trap cooled with liquid nitrogen .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {6 \ F_ {2} +6 \ H_ {2} O \ longrightarrow 8 \ HF + \ O_ {2} +4 \ HOF}}

In this reaction, hypofluorous acid is effectively formed, but not in this stoichiometry, since a large part of the acid formed continues to react immediately and only the smaller part can be obtained.

properties

Physical Properties

Structural formula of hypofluorous acid, with details of the bond angle and bond length

Hypofluorous acid has an angular structure (bond angle of 97.2 °). The bond length O – H is 96.4 pm, that of O – F 144.2 pm.

Chemical properties

Hypofluoric acid is unstable and decomposes with the formation of hydrofluoric acid and oxygen.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ HOF \ longrightarrow 2 \ HF + \ O_ {2}}}

It is a very powerful oxidizer .

The salts of hypofluorous acid are unknown. Only a few salts can be obtained from the protonated form of the free acid (H ₂ OF ⁺ ) in a complex way.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 .
↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 466.

[HoWi-1] A ^b ^c ^d A. F. Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 .

[NV-2] This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[3] AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 466.