Idris I.

The title of this article is ambiguous. The Almohad caliph of the same name is described in the article Idris I. al-Mamun , the Libyan king in the article Idris (Libya)

Idris I tomb mosque in the middle of the Moulay Idris medina

Idrīs ibn ʿAbdallāh ( Arabic إدريس بن عبدالله, also Idris I. ) († 791 ) was the first ruler of the Idrisids from 789 to 791.

Idris ibn Abdellah (el-Kamil) was a descendant of the caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib (ruled 656-661). After being involved in a revolt of the Alides against the Abbasids (786), he had to flee Medina and came to Morocco via Egypt . There he spread Islam among the Auraba Berbers , some of whom were still pagan, in northern Morocco . He was recognized as an imam by the Berbers in northern Morocco and the Rif Mountains . The center of his rule was Walīlī (the ancient Volubilis ).

By conquering Agadir near Tlemcen in 789 and defeating the Banu Ifran , Idris I also began to expand his sphere of influence. He also expanded his influence through an alliance with the Magrawa bers under Muhammad ibn Hazar. In the following years he founded a fortified army camp near today's Fès in 789 .

In 791 Idris I was poisoned before the birth of his son Idris II (791–828). This is said to have happened by order of the caliph Hārūn ar-Raschīd . Idris I was buried in Walīlī , today's Moulay Idris . Later this place developed into an important place of pilgrimage for the Muslims in Morocco.

literature

• Stephan Ronart, Nandy Ronart: Lexicon of the Arab World. A historical-political reference work. Artemis Verlag, Zurich et al. 1972, ISBN 3-7608-0138-2 .
• Herman Beck: "Sultan Ismāʿīl and the Veneration of Idrīs I at Mawlāy Idrīs in the Dj abal Zarhūn" in Hans Bakker (ed.): The sacred center as the focus of political interest: proceedings of the symposium held on the occasion of the 375th anniversary of the University of Groningen, 5 - 8 March 1989 . Forsten, Groningen, 1992. pp. 53-55.