Imgur-Enlil (Babylon)
Imgur-Enlil (German: Benevolence des Enlils ) refers to the inner city wall of Babylon ( duru ).
Builder of Imgur-Enlil
With the establishment of the 1st Dynasty of Babylon , Sumu-abum was built around 1830 BC. The first fortification ( duru-rabu ) and later inner wall. 1812 BC Chr. Renewed Sumu-la-ilu the wall as well as Apil-Sin 1765 v. And later also Asarhaddon , after Sennacherib destroyed Babylon to the ground . Nebuchadnezzar II restored Imgur-Enlil in the course of his expansions, as did the last Neo-Babylonian king Nabonid , who carried out new repair work.
Length and structure of Imgur-Enlil
Imgur-Enlil was built with adobe bricks and was 6.5 meters wide. At intervals of 18.1 meters, there were alternating small (9.7 x 8.06 meters) and large (11.4 x 9.4 meters) watchtowers. The city wall was designed so that Babylon was surrounded in four Imgur-Enlil sections of 5,400, 3,600, 3,000 and 2,400 Suklu cubits . The total length of 14,400 Suklu cubits (7,200 meters) corresponded to four times the sacred number of 3,600 Suklu cubits ( 1 Saros ). These dimensions were given in cuneiform texts at least twice by Asarhaddon and Nabonidus. As a result of the extensions of the outer wall ( šalchu ) Nemed-Enlil made by Nebuchadnezzar II , archaeological excavations revealed a total length of 8,150 meters.
Berossos
The additional defensive wall handed down and mentioned by Berossos , which Nabonidus is said to have built, was not included in the cuneiform description of the city of the last Neo-Babylonian king.
literature
- Dietz-Otto Edzard and a .: Reallexicon of Assyriology and Near Eastern Archeology , Vol. 1 , de Gruyter, Berlin 1993 (reprint of 1932 edition), ISBN 3-11-004451-X , pp. 335–336
Notes and evidence
- ↑ 1894 BC According to middle chronology .
- ↑ 1876 BC According to middle chronology.
- ↑ 1829 BC According to middle chronology.