Innocenzo Manzetti

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Innocenzo Manzetti

Innocenzo Manzetti (born March 17, 1826 in the Aosta Valley , † March 17, 1877 ) was an Italian scientist. According to some sources, he pioneered the modern telephone .

He was interested in physics from a young age. In 1849 he realized an automaton that was very advanced for its time and played the flute with the help of a complex pneumatic system. Manzetti's aim was to make the machine speak, which attracted the attention of many scientists from other nations. In the meantime he realized numerous other mechanical devices: in 1857 he developed a pasta machine, for which he also received a patent . In 1864 he realized a steam car that could be driven on the streets.

The telephone

In 1844 Manzetti postulated that there was a possibility of realizing a telegraph . In the early 1960s, Manzetti began working on his voice telegraph again. From 1864 to 1865 he created an electrical device that was able to transmit the human voice over half a kilometer. The apparatus was considerably improved so that it was presented to the press in the summer of 1865. Newspapers all over the world announced for the first time that it was now possible to transmit the human word over long distances using an electrical device. Antonio Meucci , who was still unknown at the time and who emigrated to America , had also come up with something comparable. A few months later, after Meucci read about Manzetti's invention, he had an American newspaper written: “I cannot deny Mr. Manzetti's invention” and immediately described his prototype of a telephone set that was much less perfect than Manzetti's: Bei Meucci's telephone set you had to put a clamp between your teeth, while with the Manzetti telephone you could speak freely with a receiver. Due to the expensive patent, Manzetti was unable to patent his invention. Meucci, on the other hand, patented his invention, but only got a provisional patent, which he had to constantly renew. In 1871 he wanted to renew his patent, but since he could not raise the required amount, the patent expired in 1873. Alexander Graham Bell took this opportunity to claim the patent for his telephone.

On February 14, 1876, the American Alexander Graham Bell claimed the patent for himself. In the years that followed, there was a real debate about who was the real inventor of the telephone. In the end Bell won and was the only one to benefit from the patent. Decades later there were still doubts. It was believed that inventor rights should be granted to Meucci or Manzetti before Bell. The research work of the Basilio Catania , which the Italian Federation for Electrical Engineering made its own, brought about an international discussion about the final right of the patent. On June 11, 2002, the Congress of the United States of America decided: If Meucci had had the money to pay the "caveat", Alexander Graham Bell should not have bought the patent (Resolution 269). Furthermore, the invention of the telephone should be attributed to Antonio Meucci .

On June 11, 2002, Antonio Meucci was finally awarded the patent for the invention of the telephone set by the House of Representatives of the American Congress of the United States. From today's perspective, Manzetti's contribution to the invention of the telephone is invaluable. Although he was the first to be able to transmit the human voice over a distance using an electrical device, since he never had a patent for his telephone, he is still considered to be the pioneer of the telephone.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ macchina per la pasta (Italian) ( Memento of the original from December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.innocenzomanzetti.it

literature

  • Cantoni, Virginio, Gabriele Falciasecca, and Giuseppe Pelosi, eds. Storia delle telecomunicazioni. Vol. 1. Firenze University Press, 2011.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Manzetti, Innocenzo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian scientist
DATE OF BIRTH March 17, 1826
PLACE OF BIRTH Aosta Valley
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1877