Institut d'Estudis Occitans
The Institut d'Estudis Occitans ([ instiˈtyt dɛˌstydizutsiˈtans ], IEO for short; "Institute for Occitan Studies") is a culturally oriented, scientific, private, non-public society that is committed to promoting the Occitan language and culture. The seat of the IEO is Toulouse (Occitan: Tolosa ).
Mission and history
The Institut d'Estudis Occitans has a long tradition of linguistic and cultural renaissance movements in Occitan. The first significant Renaissance movement of Occitan established itself in the second half of the 16th century in Provence and Gaskogne (there also with the demand for political autonomy). For the recent history of Occitan culture, the Félibrige and the movement from which the Institut d'Estudis Occitans itself emerged after the Second World War are decisive. The Félibrige, founded in 1864 by the Provencal poets and writers Frédéric Mistral (Nobel Prize for Literature 1904), Théodore Aubanel and Joseph Roumanille , was one of the most important language-oriented Renaissance movements of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The geographical restriction to Provence , a controversial graphic of the Occitan language as well as the hiding of political aspects of the minority issue generate criticism of this movement. Many authors around the magazine "Oc", which was founded in 1923, express this criticism and, on the other hand, represent a resolute panoccitanism with the aim of establishing a common panoccitan standard language. Oriented towards Catalan models (see: Institut d'Estudis Catalans ), they founded the “Societat d'Estudis Occitans” (SEO, Society for Occitan Studies) in 1930, the direct predecessor of the “Institut d'Estudis Occitans”.
The institute was founded in Toulouse in 1945 by Robert Lafont , Juli Cubainas , Pèire Lagarda , Leon Còrdas , Max Roqueta , Fèlix Castanh , Renat Nelli and other scholarly representatives of the Occitan language. In 1986 the institution was officially recognized by the French Ministry of Youth and Education. In pursuing its goals, the institute worked much more directly and dynamically than its predecessor organization. The institute is headquartered in Toulouse. It is organized in numerous regional and department-based sections throughout Occitania and the Occitan-speaking Piedmontese Alpine valleys of Italy. These sections support numerous local working groups.
In the beginning, the focus was on scientific, especially linguistic-oriented work on the Occitan language. In the course of the discussion about the centralized cultural policy in France, the Institut d'Estudis Occitans became increasingly involved in the re-propagation of the Occitan language (including through optional Occitan lessons in French schools) and for the publication of contemporary Occitan writers. The institute also works (especially under Louis Alibert ) to establish a linguistic unit for all Occitan speakers and dialects.
literature
- Institut d'Estudis Occitans . In: Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana . Vol. 13, Barcelona 1992, ISBN 84-7739-008-8 , p. 114.
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Among the founding members are the philologist Josep Anglada and the Provencal poet Valèri Bernard .
- ^ Paragraph according to: Peter Cichon: Introduction to the Occitan Language, paragraph "Language History", pp 14 f., Bonn 2002, 2nd corrected edition, ISBN 3-86143-132-7