Ircinia campana

Ircinia campana
	Ircinia campana - sponge surface, the arrow shows a hatching shrimp
Systematics
Class :	Horned Silica Sponges (Demospongiae)
Subclass :	Ceractinomorpha
Order :	Horn sponges (Dictyoceratida)
Family :	Irciniidae
Genre :	Leather sponges ( Ircinia )
Type :	Ircinia campana
Scientific name
	Ircinia campana
	Lamarck , 1816

Ircinia campana is a type of horned silica sponges . The vase-shaped sponge is common in the Caribbean.

description

Ircinia campana is vase-shaped with an uneven rim. The open shape is unique for species of the genus Ircinia , which are mostly more compact. A full-grown representative reaches a height of four to eight centimeters - in extreme cases between two and ten centimeters. The area occupied varies between 40 and 100 cm², the volume up to 1000 cm³.

There are a lot of large openings (apertures) on the inside of the vase, the outside is covered with many small, conical bumps.

The color is pale brown and comes from the cyanobacterium Aphanocapsa feldmanni that lives symbiotically on the sponge. The color of the sponge becomes paler the deeper the water it grows in.

biochemistry

Ircinia campana produces some unusual phospholipid fatty acids . While most sponges mainly form 5,9-hexacosadienoic acid, Ircinia mainly contains 23-methyl-5,9-tetracosadienoic acid (2-5%), a lignoceric acid , and 5,9-pentacosadienoic acid .

Also be sesterterpenes with a furan formed -body. These can be used to defend against fish that want to eat the sponge.

distribution

The species is widespread in the Caribbean and is mostly found at depths between 5 and 20 meters. It does best in calm and murky water.

The sponge often grows in association with Ircinia felix and Ircinia strobilina . However, of the three types, it is the rarest.

Web links

Commons : Ircinia campana - collection of images, videos and audio files

Entry in the coralpedia (English)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Fernando J. Parra-Velandia, Sven Zea: Comparación de la Abundancia y Distribución de Algunas Características de la esponjas del Genero Ircinia (Porifera: demospongiae) en dos Localidades Contrastantes des Area de Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano . In: Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost. tape 32 , 2003, ISSN 0122-9761 , p. 75-91 ( pdf ).
^ NM Carballeira, F. Shalabi, C. Cruz, J. Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez: Comparative study of the fatty acid composition of sponges of the genus Ircinia. Identification of the new 23-methyl-5,9-tetracosadienoic acid. In: Comp Biochem Physiol B. Volume 100 , no. 3 , 1991, pp. 489-92 , PMID 1814678 .
↑ JR Pawlik, G. McFall, S. Zea: Does the odor from sponges of the genus Ircinia protect them from fish predators? In: J Chem Ecol. tape 28 , no. 6 , June 2002, p. 1103-1115 , PMID 12184391 .

[parra-1] Fernando J. Parra-Velandia, Sven Zea: Comparación de la Abundancia y Distribución de Algunas Características de la esponjas del Genero Ircinia (Porifera: demospongiae) en dos Localidades Contrastantes des Area de Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano . In: Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost. tape 32 , 2003, ISSN 0122-9761 , p. 75-91 ( pdf ).

[2] NM Carballeira, F. Shalabi, C. Cruz, J. Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez: Comparative study of the fatty acid composition of sponges of the genus Ircinia. Identification of the new 23-methyl-5,9-tetracosadienoic acid. In: Comp Biochem Physiol B. Volume 100 , no. 3 , 1991, pp. 489-92 , PMID 1814678 .

[3] JR Pawlik, G. McFall, S. Zea: Does the odor from sponges of the genus Ircinia protect them from fish predators? In: J Chem Ecol. tape 28 , no. 6 , June 2002, p. 1103-1115 , PMID 12184391 .