Islamic Republican Party
The Islamic Republican Party ( IRP , Persian حزب جمهوری اسلامی Hezb-e Dschomhuri-e Eslami , DMG Ḥezb-e Ğomhūrī-ye Eslāmī ) was a party of the Islamic Republic of Iran , which existed from February 19, 1979 until its self-dissolution on June 2, 1987.
history
The IRP was founded on February 19, 1979, after Ruhollah Khomeini's return from exile in Paris and the Islamic Revolution , by Iranian religious scholars. The aim of the founding of the party, which was mainly promoted by Mohammad Beheschti, was to unite the fragmented Islamic opposition movement. The core of the party should be the union of the fighting clergy . The other members should come from the Society of Lecturers of Religious Seminars (Dschame'eh-ye Modarresin Hozeh-ye Elmiyeh) , which represented the teachers of religious schools, the Association of the Islamic Coalition (Hayat-e Mo'talefeh Eslami) , which in was mainly carried out of the bazaar by the merchants, and the Islamic Society of Engineers ( Dschame'eh-ye Eslami Mohandesin ), which was formed from technocrats who rejected the western-oriented politics of the Shah. A uniform party program should support the building of an Islamic state .
The founding members included Mohammad Beheschti, Mousavi Ardebili , Mohammed Reza Mahdavi-Kani , Seyyed Ali Chamene'i , Akbar Hāschemi Rafsanjāni , Mohammed-Jawad Bahonar , Ayat and Abbaspur.
The positions taken by the party did not always coincide with Khomeini's conception of the supreme legal scholar's rule . The first party leader was Mohammad Beheschti, who was considered the strongest man behind Khomeini.
attack
On June 28, 1981, the party building was the target of a bomb attack. Beheschti and over 70 other people were killed. According to official information, 71 people died. The number of victims may have been officially determined to arouse associations with the Battle of Karbala . Other sources assume up to 84 dead. The armed Islamic-socialist-oriented group Volksmodschahedin , which had waged a guerrilla war against the Shah and now saw itself excluded from power by Khomeini, was held responsible for the attack, but denied any responsibility. The fact that Ali Khamene'i was absent as a result of an assassination attempt and Ali-Akbar Hāschemi Rafsanjāni left the building before the detonation gave rise to the assumption that the masterminds of the attack might have come from the ranks of the Khomeini mullahs. A young man, Mohammad Reza Kolahi Samadi , was held responsible for the attack and was sentenced to death for it in his absence.
After Beheschti's death, Mohammed Reza Mahdavi-Kani took over the chairmanship of the party.
Decline and dissolution
On April 15, 1984, the IRP failed to achieve an absolute majority in the Iranian parliamentary elections for the first time . Its appeal declined in particular due to the First Gulf War against Iraq and the dissolution of the IRP on June 2, 1987 was directly related to the rise of Rafsanjani. The adoption of UN Security Resolution 598, with which a binding peace plan to end the First Gulf War between Iran and Iraq was resolved, would hardly have been possible with the rigid party program of the IRP. Khamenei and Rafsanjani advised the revolutionary leader, Ruhollah Khomeini, to dissolve it, which he ordered on June 2, 1987.
Comments on the IRP
- Sheikh Ali Tehrani : The crimes of the fundamentalist party are becoming more numerous than those of the SAVAK .
- Ayatollah Shirazi : we have nothing left for this party.
See also
literature
- Hans-Peter Drögemüller: Iranian diary, 5 years of revolution. Libertarian Association. 1983
- Bahman Nirumand : Iran, behind the bars the flowers are withering. Rowohlt Publishing House. 1985
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Amin Saikal: The rise and fall of the Shah . Princeton University Press, Paperback, 2009, pp. Xxi.
- ↑ Amir Taheri: Chomeini and the Islamic Revolution , Hamburg 1985, p. 320 ff.
- ↑ a b Katajun Amirpur / Reinhard Witzke: Schauplatz Iran , Freiburg 2004, p. 93
- ↑ Bahman Nirumand: Iran - behind the bars the flowers wither . Hamburg. 1989. page 236
- ↑ Ulrich Enke: Ayatollah Khomeini , Munich 1989, p. 122
- ↑ Bahman Nirumand: Mit Gott für die Macht , Hamburg 1989, p. 328 f.
- ↑ Anna Holligan: Does Iran hold key to Dutch murder mystery? BBC News, June 18, 2018, accessed June 18, 2018 .
- ↑ AFP of June 26, 1981
- ↑ Interview: Der Spiegel. No. 8/1981. Page 139