Islamic Republic

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Map of the Islamic Republics

Islamic Republic ( Arabic جمهورية إسلامية, DMG ǧumhūriyya islāmiyya ; Persian جمهوری اسلامی, DMG ǧumhūrī-yi islāmī ) is the self-designation of some states which, according to their own opinion , should be governed partly or mainly according to the principles of Islam . According to Ruhollah Khomeini , an Islamic republic is like all other republics , only "with the difference that its content is Islamic law".

As the state religion, Islam is enshrined in the constitution of an Islamic republic, and Sharia law applies in part or in whole to its legislation . Nevertheless, the self-designation goes hand in hand with very different forms of government . The Islamic Republics are Afghanistan , Gambia (temporarily between 2015 and 2017), Iran , Mauritania and Pakistan , which was the first to call itself that. The island state of the Comoros and Sudan call themselves the Islamic Federal Republic . The political systems and structures are different. Mauritania and Pakistan are presidential republic , while Pakistan is also a federal republic . Afghanistan has a relatively democratic constitution as a presidential system of government for the Islamic world .

Failed attempts to found an Islamic Republic were the Arab Islamic Republic and the Islamic Republic of Morocco . In the secular kingdom of Egypt , during the Second World War, the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood and the Young Egyptian Party tried to found an Islamic republic after the government crisis of 1942 and to overthrow the Egyptian-Sudanese King Faruq .

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  1. ↑ Talieye Enqelabe Eslami: The Outposts of the Islamic Revolution. Interviews by Khomeini in Najaf, Paris and Qom . Tehran 1983, p. 261