Itep
| Itep in hieroglyphics | ||||||
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| Old empire |
Jtp (t) / Jdp (t) |
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Itep ( Greek Itos ; Arabic Edfa ) is the ancient Egyptian name of a settlement six kilometers northwest of today's Sohag , which was in the ninth Upper Egyptian Min-Gau on the western side of the Nile . The partially changed spelling in hieratic script also makes it possible to read the location as an Idep . Not far away was on the eastern side of the Nile Chemmis , the cult site of Horus of Chemmis .
background
 
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Map of Egypt |
Importance as a place of worship
An inscription on the outer wall of the temple of Edfu shows that Itep was a cult place of Horus Iunmutef . On the south wall of the Pronaos , Horus Iunmutef can be seen in this context as the "cleaner of the great house of Horus who is in his barge from Itep" at the head of the convoy for Horus .
From the representations on the north wall of the Mammisi von Dendera , further references to the place Chemnis have been obtained, which allowed an assignment of Itep in the immediate vicinity to Chemnis. In addition, Osiris bears the title "Herr von Itep".
The Greek spelling Itos / Itou, which was derived from the Egyptian Itep and formed the root of the Arabic name Edfa, was found on several ostraka found in what is now Edfa. In addition, on two of these ostracas a poultry farmer is named "Horo (n) mephis". His name represents the Graecized form of "Horus Iunmutef".
Local foundation
The determinative “njwt” allows conclusions to be drawn about the age of the place, since “njwt-places” with popular names are long-standing settlements and associated fields. Part of the income from agriculture was usually used for royal or private provision for the dead.
The time of origin of the place goes back at least to the beginning of the 4th or 5th dynasty . A temple of Horus Iunmutef has so far not been archaeologically proven in this area .
literature
- François Daumas : Les mammisis de Dendara . University of Paris, Paris 1955; P. 123, panel LX.
- Dieter Kurth u. a .: The inscriptions of the temple of Edfu. Department I Translation. Volume 2: Edfou VII . Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-447-05016-0 (translation of all texts on the outside of the surrounding wall of the temple).
- Serge Sauneron : Edfou In: Bulletin de l'Institut français d'archéologie Orientale. (BIFAO) Volume 62, Cairo 1964, pp. 42-45.
Remarks
Coordinates: 26 ° 33 ′ 0 ″ N , 31 ° 42 ′ 0 ″ E