Ixodiphagus brunneus
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| Ixodiphagus brunneus | ||||||||||||
| ( Girault , 1925) |
Ixodiphagus brunneus is an Australian wasp genus Ixodiphagus in the family Encyrtidae . The hyperparasite lays its eggs in the larvae and nymphs of ticks . The types of ticks that are attacked have not yet been studied in detail. The hatching larvae feed onthese hostsas parasitoids .
description
Ixodiphagus brunneus is a wasp with a body length of about one millimeter, whose external appearance corresponds to that of other ore wasps . On the side of the head there are large complex eyes and three ocelles on the head . Ixodiphagus brunneus is deep brown in color, the tops of the head and body and the back wings are hairy. The ends of the tibiae , tarsi and antennae are yellow to yellow-brown.
Way of life
All species of the genus Ixodiphagus are obligatory parasitoids of different species of ticks. The adult females lay their eggs with a laying stinger in the host's larvae or nymphs. The host of Ixodiphagus brunneus is unknown.
distribution
Girault stated Nelson as the location in the first description . This is a historical name for Gordonvale in northern Queensland ( 17 ° 5 ′ S , 145 ° 47 ′ E ), the exact location of the type location can no longer be determined. In addition to Ixodiphagus brunneus , the species Ixodiphagus mysorensis originally described from India also occurs in Australia.
Systematics and taxonomy
Ixodiphagus brunneus was established in 1925 by the US entomologists Alexandre A. Girault described . The meaning of the specific epithet brunneus was not explained, but probably refers to the brown color of the ore wasp. The holotype is likely to be found in the collection of the Queensland Museum in Brisbane along with most of Girault's estate .
In 1975 the entomologists BM Doube and Allen CG Heath from the University of Queensland published extensive information on the ecology of an unidentified species of the genus Ixodiphagus . The specimens collected by them were later incorrectly identified as Australzaomma brunneus , although the known species of hosts matched the host range of Ixodiphagus mysorensis .
In 1984 John S. Noyes and Mohammad Hayat synonymized the monotypic genus Australzaomma with Hunterellus , whereby Australzaomma brunnea became Hunterellus brunneus . In the following year, Hunterellus was declared a synonym for Ixodiphagus by Vladimir A. Trjapitzin .
Synonyms
- Australzaomma brunnea Girault , 1925
- Hunterellus brunneus ( Girault , 1925)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Alexandre A. Girault : Notes and descriptions of Australian chalcid-flies III. (Hymenoptera) . In: Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus 1925, Volume 13, No. 4-6, pp. 91-100, here pp. 96-97, digitized .
- ↑ Wladimir A. Trjapitzin and Enrique Ruíz Cancino: Los encírtidos del género Ixodiphagus Howard (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoides de garrapatas (Acarina: Ixodidae) . In: Biotam 1996, Volume 8, No. 1, pp. 9-20.
- ^ Edward Clive Dahms: A checklist of the types of Australian Hymenoptera described by Alexandre Arsene Girault: I. Introduction, acknowledgments, biography, bibliography, and localities . In: Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 1978, Volume 19, No. 2, pp. 127–190, here pp. 178–179, digitized .
- ^ A b Allen CG Heath and Rachel P. Cane : A new species of Ixodiphagus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) parasitizing seabird ticks in New Zealand . In: New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2010, Volume 37, No. 2, pp. 147-155, doi : 10.1080 / 03014223.2010.482973 .
- ↑ BM Doube and Allen Heath CG: Observations on the biology and seasonal abundance of an encyrtid wasp, a parasite of ticks in Queensland . In: Journal of Medical Entomology 1975, Volume 12, No. 4, pp. 443-447, doi : 10.1093 / jmedent / 12.4.443 .
- ^ A b John S. Noyes and Mohammad Hayat : A review of the genera of Indo-Pacific Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) . In: Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology) 1984, Volume 48, No. 3, pp. 131-395, here p. 288, digitized .
- ↑ a b Wladimir A. Trjapitzin: Natural enemies of the Taiga tick . In: NA Filippowa (Ed.): The Taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus (Acarina, Ixodidae). Morphology, Systematics, Ecology, Medical importance . Nauky Leningrad, Leningrad 1985, pp. 334-341 (Russian).