Izaak van den Blocke

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Allegory of the Gdansk Trade
Citizens of Gdańsk and a group of nobles (around 1608)

Izaak van den Blocke (* around 1575 in Königsberg , † 1628 in Danzig ) was a Danzig Mannerist painter of Flemish origin. He was the son of the sculptor Willem van den Blocke and brother of the architect Abraham van den Blocke . He was a citizen of Gdansk and co-founder in 1612 and master / leader of the painters' guild in Gdansk in 1622. According to Falck's book of painters, the artist died in 1628, as did his father Willem and his brother Abraham. It is very likely that the father and his two sons succumbed to a contagious disease.

Poor research results suggest that Izaak vd Blocke received his artistic training in Danzig under Hans Vredeman de Vries (1527–1609) and Anton Möller (1563–1611). What is certain is that after the death of Anton Möller, he continued or completed his great painting, the main picture (crucifixion of Christ) of the high altar of St. Catherine's Church in Gdansk.

Izaak van den Blocke created allegorical, mythological and church paintings, among other things, and also adorned house facades. Stylistically, his works belonged to Dutch mannerism . His most important and largest work are the 25 ceiling paintings in the Red Hall of Gdańsk City Hall , which were created around 1606-09. The painting in the middle of the ceiling depicts the allegory of the Gdańsk trade or apotheosis of the alliance of Gdańsk with Poland . Following this work, the artist created in the years 1611 to 1614 for the winter room (small council room, which is used as a meeting room and a study The mayor served) in the right town hall five lunette-like canvas pictures with allegorical content (unity makes you strong; reward and punishment; amnesty; equality before the law; oath of loyalty) . Izaak van den Blocke covered three walls in the mayor's reception room with wide-format pictures from the history of Noah (the procession of all living creatures into the ark; people fleeing the rising waters of the flood; Noah's drunkenness); a fourth picture shows the Tower of Babel .

In the period around 1614–1620, the artist painted a nine-part ceiling in a building in Gdansk (perhaps the old town hall in Gdansk or the rectory in Rosenau near Gdansk). These paintings (Let the Children Come to Me; Allegory of Wealth; Allegory of Laziness; Allegory of Science; Allegory of Industry; Murder Scene; Solomon Prays in the Temple; Solomon's Good Regiment) on rectangular, round and oval fields, the Scenes from the Old and New Testaments as well as mythologies are now in the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg.

The working hours on the town hall pictures must have been Isaac's heyday. But some other very stately images can be assigned to him, such as B. Altarpieces for the St. Catherine's Church in Gdańsk, 1611 (altarpieces, left: The pouring out of the Holy Spirit, right: The Ascension of Christ and The Resurrection of Christ ); St. Barbara, 1613 (The Last Supper, The Figures of the Twelve Apostles); St. Bartholomew, 1617 ( The Last Supper, Christ on the Mount of Olives, The Last Judgment ); Trinitatiskirche (high altar: The Last Supper, The Ascension of Christ, The Four Evangelists, The Prophet Isaiah and The Apostle Paul, The Sacrificing Pelican, etc.). In 1611 he created the painting Diana's Hunt for the Artus Court in Danzig.

literature

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  • Gerhard Eimer :  Block, from that. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , pp. 309-311 ( digitized version ). (Mentioned in family article, as Isaac)
  • Georg Cuny: Block, Isaak von dem . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 4 : Bida – Brevoort . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1910, p. 123 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • Old Prussian biography. B. 1-4, 1942-1995.
  • Adolf Boetticher: The architectural and art monuments of the province of East Prussia. 9 volumes, Königsberg 1893–1901.
  • Georg Cuny: Danzig's art and culture in the 16th and 17th centuries. Frankfurt am Main 1910.
  • Reinhold Curicke: The city of Danzig historical description. Amsterdam / Danzig 1688, copper series 1685, Danzig 1941.
  • Willi Dorst: Danzig painting from the Middle Ages to the end of the Baroque. A contribution to the foundation of structural research in art history. Berlin / Leipzig 1938.
  • Willi Dorst: Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt Danzig 1688. Vol. 1–5, Stuttgart 1957–1971.
  • Hermann Ehrenberg: The art at the court of the dukes of Prussia. Giesecke & Devrient, Leipzig / Berlin 1899.
  • Eugeniusz Iwanoyko: Sala Czerwona ratusza gdańskiego. Ossolineum, Wrocław 1986.
  • Carl Knetsch: The artist family from the block in Danzig. In: Communications of the West Prussian History Association. 1903.
  • Horst Penner: Dutch Anabaptists shape, as builders, sculptors and painters, with an unmistakable face from Danzig. In: Mennonite history sheets. 26th year, new episode no. 1969.
  • Andreas Tacke: The paintings of the 17th century in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg. Inventory catalog, Mainz 1995, pp. 46–56.
  • Horst Penner: The East and West Prussian Mennonites in their religious and social life in their cultural and economic achievements, Part 1, 1526–1772. Weiherhof 1978, p. 242 and 393.
  • V. Petkau, P. Block: The block book. Self-published, 2007, pp. 12-19. (Chapter “Artist family van den Blocke”, section “Izaak van den Blocke” chort.square7.ch PDF, 3.16 MB).
  • Anna Gosieniecka: Slownik artystow iw Polsce dzialajacych. Volume 1, Breslau et al. 1971, p. 177 ff.
  • Bozena Steinborn: Izaak van den Blocke. In: Jane Turner (Ed.): The Dictionary of Art. London / New York 1996, pp. 144 ff.
  • Saur General Artist Lexicon - The visual artists of all times and peoples. Volume 11. KG Saur, Munich / Leipzig 1995, ISBN 3-598-22751-5 .
  • Miroslaw Glinski, Jerzy Kuklinski: Well-known Danziger - Gdansk. Gdańsk City History Museum.
  • Rainer Kobe: An interpretation of the Danzig ceiling painting (9 parts) by Isaac van den Blocke in the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg. In: Porta aurea 10.2011, Instytut Historii Sztuki Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Danzig 2011, ISSN  1234-1533 , pp. 24-47.

Web links

Commons : Isaak van den Blocke  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gerhard Eimer:  Block, from the. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , pp. 309-311 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b Miroslaw Glinski, Jerzy Kuklinski: Known Danziger - Gdańsk. Gdańsk City History Museum.
  3. ↑ a b c d e V. Petkau, P. Block: The block book. (Ch. “Artist family van den Blocke”, section “Izaak van den Blocke”, pp. 12–19) 2007, self-published ( chort.square7.ch ; PDF, 3.16 MB; accessed on June 30, 2011).
personal data
SURNAME Blocke, Izaak van den
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Block, Isaac of that
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish painter of Flemish origin
DATE OF BIRTH around 1575
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg
DATE OF DEATH 1628
Place of death Danzig