Younger Dalberger Hof
The Jüngere Dalberger Hof in Mainz is a mansion of the Barons von Dalberg, completed in 1718 .
history
The building was built as a replacement for the older Dalberger Hof , which was no longer befitting . Before that, the court of the Brendel von Homburg family was located here, as indicated by a sandstone cartouche with the Brendel coat of arms and the jagged wavy line found in a well.
Since the old Dalberger Hof no longer corresponded to the family's growing self-image, the architect Johann Kaspar Herwarthel was commissioned to plan the largest still preserved aristocratic court in Mainz . Between 1715 and 1718 the so-called Jüngere Dalberger Hof was built in place of the Brendel von Homburg family's house opposite the Ingelheimer Hof that had been built a few years earlier.
The court of the barons of Dalberg was commissioned by four brothers of the noble family. This is indicated by the inscription Concordia fratrum erexit . The three-storey complex is grouped around an inner courtyard. The main facade of the palace is dominated by the huge central projection facing Klarastraße . The once rich furnishings and the ceiling paintings by Giovanni Francesco Marchini were lost during the siege of the city of Mainz in 1793 .
At least one draft for the design of the garden at the rear of the Corps de Logis is attributed to Johann Baptist Ferolski . Cour d'Entrée and garden are combined in this design, so it is surrounded by all three wings of the ensemble.
At the time when street names and house numbers did not yet exist in Mainz, the building was named Zu den Drei Sauköpf because boar heads were carved out of the keystones of the three entrances from Klarastraße. The heads of the wild boar were cut off when the Hôtel de Dalberg was converted into the Palace of Justice in 1828. In 1832 a detention center was added to the flax market. The wing to Emmeransstrasse was not built until the middle of the 19th century.
The Dalberger Hof served the executive as police headquarters until the end of the 20th century. It was the scene of a high treason trial from May 23 to June 8, 1850 against 77 Democrats . In the main cemetery , the so-called Prussian monument commemorates the Prussian soldiers who died in the street fight on May 21st. The “Mainz secret society trial”, in which eight Social Democrats stood before the court for violations of Bismarck's Socialist Law, took place in 1887 in what is now the “Grand Ducal Hessian Palace of Justice”.
During the National Socialist era , several thousand political prisoners, Jews, Sinti and Roma as well as foreign slave laborers were imprisoned in the basement of the Dalberger Hof, which was notorious for its constant overcrowding. Many prisoners were transferred from there to the Buchenwald , Ravensbrück , Dachau and Auschwitz concentration camps or to the Hinzert SS special camp in the Hunsrück. On February 27, 1945, the Dalberger Hof was badly damaged by an air raid and was no longer used as a prison. Today a plaque in the foyer of the Dalberger Hof reminds of the function of the building during the "Third Reich". The courtyard is a station on the street of democracy .
After the Second World War, the Dalberger Hof was the seat of the Mainz police headquarters for a time and, from 1984, the Peter Cornelius Conservatory . Up until 2008, the offices of the city of Mainz were housed in this building: Office for Urban Development, Statistics and Elections, Office for Control and Personnel, Women's Office, Culture and School Administration Office. In May 2007 an investor competition for the Younger Dalberger Hof was carried out. A consortium then built 58 condominiums.
Archaeological excavations
At the beginning of the renovation, the preservation authorities had the opportunity to dig in the courtyard of the property. Building remains from the Roman period and a medieval predecessor building were recorded.
At a depth of six meters, traces of the city's Roman heritage (> Mogontiacum ) were found. As the General Directorate for Cultural Heritage suspects the Roman governor's palace to be in the vicinity, the state monument curator concludes that there is a representative Roman building.
More than 150 slabs of a tile floor with deer symbolism were excavated from the medieval buildings. Floor tiles with an oak leaf pattern and glazed stove tiles were also found, as well as a canteen, a solid tin plate, a long sword and a gold coin Johann II of Nassau, who was Archbishop of Mainz from 1397 to 1419.
literature
- Reinhard Schneider: The Dalberger Hof in Mainz and its architect Caspar Herwartel 1675–1720: idea a. Shape of a baroque city palace . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 1983. ISBN 978-3-88462-027-4
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Christiane Reves: Building blocks for the history of the city of Mainz: Mainz Colloquium 2000 . Franz Steiner Verlag, Volume 55 2002, ISBN 978-3-515-08176-4 , pp. 142 .
- ↑ Georg Peter Karn: Mainzer Gartenzauber , September 3, 2010
- ^ Karl Georg Bockenheimer : Mainz and surroundings . J. Diemer, 1880.
- ↑ http://www.mainz1933-1945.de/rundgang/teil-i-innenstadt/dalberger-hof.html
- ↑ Hans Kersting: MAINZ - tours on foot ( German ), Volume 4. Bayerische Verlagsanstalt, 2003, ISBN 3-89889-078-3 .
- ↑ http://www.dalbergerhof.com
Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 6.1 ″ N , 8 ° 16 ′ 11.7 ″ E