Jakob Cromberger

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Jakob Cromberger (* approx. 1472/73, † 1528) was a printer and merchant of the early modern period , who mainly worked on the Iberian Peninsula .

Life

The date of birth and origin of Cromberger are unknown, he has been documented in Seville, Spain, since February 1503. According to later documents, he must have arrived in Seville around 1500, where Meinard Ungut († 1499) and Stanislaus Polonus ran a printing company. Cromberger married Ungut's widow, Comincia de Blanquis, became a partner in the printing company and in 1504 the sole owner. The couple had a son, Hans Cromberger (* approx. 1500, † 1540), and a daughter, Catalina († before March 28, 1530; ∞ Lazarus Nürnberger ). As a printer he was first mentioned in the colophon of a print from April 15, 1503.

At the time, Seville was the most important printing center on the Iberian Peninsula: from 1501 to 1520, more than 300 editions are documented from Seville, but only 39 from Lisbon , 16 from Granada and two from Murcia . More than two thirds of the prints from Seville are from Cromberger.

The Portuguese King Manuel I invited Cromberger and other book printers in a letter of February 1508 to settle in Portugal and to print legal and religious texts there; However, Cromberger refused to move his printing workshop to Portugal . Nevertheless, Portugal was an important sales market for him; In addition to Castilian and Latin works, Cromberger also printed Portuguese books, including an edition of the Ordenações Manuelinas law .

From 1523 Cromberger was increasingly involved in trade with the New World , initially through third parties or his son, as foreigners were initially not allowed to trade with the Spanish colonies, but on July 26, 1525 he received the official travel and trade permit . Despite a few financial failures, he became very prosperous.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Griffin (1988), pp. 20-21, 69-70.
  2. ↑ See Griffin (1988), p. 21.
  3. ↑ See Griffin (1988), pp. 22-24.
  4. ↑ See Griffin (1988), pp. 22-24, 59.
  5. ↑ See Griffin (1988), p. 34.
  6. ↑ See Griffin (1988), p. 31.
  7. ↑ See Griffin (1988), pp. 41-44.
  8. ↑ See Griffin (1988), pp. 60-69.

literature

  • Jakob Franck :  Kromberger, Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 182 f.
  • Ferdinand Geldner:  Cromberger, Kaspar. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 421 ( digitized version ).
  • Clive Griffin: The Crombergers of Seville. The history of a printing and merchant dynasty . Oxford 1988.
  • Konrad Haebler: The early Printers of Spain and Portugal . London 1897.
  • Konrad Haebler: Spanish and Portuguese bookmarks of the XV. and XVI. Century . 1898.
  • Konrad Haebler: History of the Spanish early printing in family trees . 1923.
  • Friedrich Kapp: History of the German book trade up to the seventeenth century . Volume 1. Verlag des Börsenverein der Deutschen Buchhandels, Leipzig 1886, pp. 211–212 ( full text at Wikisource ).
  • Enrique Otte: Jakob and Hans Cromberger and Lazarus Nürnberger, the founders of the German American trade . In: Mitteilungen des Verein für Geschichte der Stadt Nürnberg 52 (1963/64), pp. 129–162.
  • Aloys Ruppel: Stanislaus Polonus, an early Polish printer in Spain . 1946.

Web links

  • Luisa Martínez: Los Cromberger: una imprenta de Sevilla y Nueva España . 2003. online .
personal data
SURNAME Cromberger, Jakob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Early modern printers
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH 1528