Shūgiin election 1993

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← 1990Shūgiin election 19931996 →
Share of votes in%
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
36.6
15.4
10.1
8.1
8.0
7.7
6.9
3.5
3.6
Independent
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 1990
 % p
 12
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-9.5
-9.0
+10.1
+0.1
+8.0
-0.3
-0.4
-1.3
+2.3
Independent
Otherwise.
Distribution of seats after the 1993 election
         
A total of 511 seats

The 1993 Shūgiin election was the 40th election to Shūgiin , the Japanese lower house, and took place on July 18, 1993.

In a "boom of new parties" ( Japanese 新 党 ブ ー ム , shintō būmu ) more and more politicians left the scandal-ridden Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). The year before, the New Japan Party had achieved a respectable success in the upper house election in 1992 and was now working with the Socialist Party, Kōmeitō and the Social Democratic Federation in the opposition. After the Hata Ozawa faction of Tsutomu Hata and Ichirō Ozawa (the later Renewal Party) had agreed to cooperate, a no-confidence vote against Prime Minister Miyazawa Kiichi and his cabinet with 255 to 220 votes was achieved on June 18 . The Shūgiin was dissolved and new elections were called.

In December 1992 a constituency reform (now: 8 two, 39 three, 34 four, 45 five and 2 six constituencies) and a reduction of the Shūgiin by one seat had been decided. The 1993 election was the last Shūgiin election in which the simple non-transferable vote was used in multi-person constituencies; In 1994, the anti-LDP coalition passed the electoral reform that marked the transition to a trench system of simple majority voting in individual constituencies and proportional representation.

The turnout was 67.26%.

Party / faction be right proportion of Seats modification
to the last election on the composition before the election
Liberal Democratic Party 22,999,646 36.6% 223 −52 +1
     Mitsuzuka faction 56 −5
     Miyazawa faction 55 −7
     Watanabe faction 52 +4
     Obuchi faction 29 (−40)
     Kōmoto faction 21st −5
     Katō faction (Mutsuki Katō) 6th (+6)
     without faction 11 (−9)
Opposition parties 258 +42 −3
Socialist Party of Japan 9,687,588 15.4% 70 −66 −66
Renewal Party 6,341,364 10.1% 55 (+55) +19
Kōmeitō 5,114,351 8.1% 51 +6 +6
New Japan Party 5,053,981 8.0% 35 (+35) +35
Democratic Socialist Party 2,205,682 3.5% 15th +1 +1
New party sakigake 1,658,097 2.6% 13 (+13) +3
Social Democratic Federation 461.169 0.7% 4th ± 0 ± 0
Communist Party of Japan 4,834,537 7.7% 15th −1 −1
Others 143,486 0.2% 0 (−1) ± 0
Independent 4,304,189 6.9% 30th +9 +1
total 62,804,144 100.0% 511 −1 −1

Effects

The loss of the absolute majority of the LDP was confirmed and, with the help of independent MPs, it was no longer able to control the Shūgiin. None of the opposition parties that led the election campaign as a departure for “political reform” ( 政治 改革 , seiji kaikaku ) were willing to cooperate with the LDP. After coalition negotiations by all parties except the LDP and the communists, Morihiro Hosokawa was elected Prime Minister. This was the fourth time under the post-war constitution - after 1947, 1976 and 1980 - the Prime Minister changed on the occasion of Shūgiin elections. Hosokawa's coalition cabinet , the first government without the LDP to participate since it was founded in 1955, collapsed after less than a year of internal disputes over electoral reform and the budget.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sōmushō , Statistics Office: 統計 デ ー タ> 日本 の 長期 統計 系列, 衆議院 議員 総 選 挙 の 党派 別 当選 者 数 及 び 得 票数 （昭和 33 年 ～ 平 成 ５ 年） ( MS Excel ; 33 kB)