Johan Maelwael

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pietà , around 1400. Louvre Paris

Jean Malouel or January Maelwael (* around 1365/1370 in the Duchy of funds ; † 1419 in Dijon ) was a Dutch painter of the Gothic . In France he was known under the name Jean Malouel or Maluel or Jehan Maleuel .

Life

Jan Maelwael was born as the son of Willem Maelwael in the Duchy of Geldern . His father, who may have come from the Kleve area , settled in Nijmegen around 1380 . Willem also had a daughter named Mechtild (Metta), who married Arnold von Limburg around 1385 . She is not only the mother of the famous Limburg brothers , but also the sister of Jan Maelwael. Willem Maelwael set up his workshop in the Burchtstraat in Nijmegen and also carried out work on behalf of the Duke of Geldern, who was staying at the Valkhof in Nijmegen at the time . There was a suitable atmosphere here in which the growing Jan Maelwael could acquire the necessary knowledge and skills of the craft.

Katharina von Bayern , the wife of Duke Wilhelm von Geldern , was also the great-aunt of Elisabeth von Baiern , who at the same time lived at the court of the French king as the wife of the French king and was named Isabeau there . It is assumed that Jan Maelwael was brought to the French court through Katharina. At least a certain Hennequin de Mallivieil appears there around 1396. He worked for Queen Isabeau in Paris for a year . From there he moved on to Dijon, where Philip the Bold , Isabeau's brother-in-law, resided. Jan Maelwael spent the years 1397 to 1415 mainly in Dijon as court painter to the Dukes of Burgundy, first for Philip the Bold and later for Johann Ohnefurcht . In 1405, shortly after the death of Philip the Bold, he returned for a visit to his old hometown of Nijmegen, and on this occasion took Heilwig van Redinchaven as his wife. It was probably not his first marriage as he appeared to be widowed at the time. The two returned to Dijon together. The last time he came to Nijmegen in 1413 to take care of family matters. Two years later, in 1415, he died in Dijon. He left his wife with four children. However, she stayed in Dijon, as Johann Unefeart granted her a pension. She too returned to Nijmegen to settle a controversial inheritance matter that would drag on for decades.

plant

Among a number of paintings attributed to him, the best known is the "Martyrdom of Saint Dionys" , which now hangs in the Louvre . Another important work is the large, round Pietà, also in the Louvre . The picture is the first preserved tondo in western panel painting. One of his works also hangs in the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin.

Johan Maelwael was the uncle of the Limburg brothers and his works are among the first to develop the realistic Flemish style that influenced French painting.

  • Madonna and Child , executed in tempera on wood around 1410, (Louvre)

  • Virgin with Angels , around 1410, (Gemäldegalerie Berlin)

  • Martyrdom of Saint Dionys , around 1415 to 1416 (Bellechose?), (Louvre)

literature

  • Friedrich Gorissen , Jan Maelwael and the Limburg brothers. A family of artists from Nijmegen at the turn of the 14th century, in: Gelre. Bijdragen en mededelingen 54 (1954), pp. 153-221.
  • Pieter Roelofs, Johan Maelwael, Court Painter in Guelders and Burgundy, in The Limbourg Brothers, Nijmegen Maters at the French Court 1400-1416. Dir. Rob Dückers, Pieter Roelofs, 2005, Ludion.

Web links

Commons : Jean Malouel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dückers / Roelofs / Bakker (eds.): The Brothers van Limburg. Review at: arthist.net
  2. ↑ Biography at: noviomagus.nl (Dutch)
personal data
SURNAME Maelwael, Johan
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Malouel, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Flemish painter
DATE OF BIRTH around 1360
PLACE OF BIRTH Duchy of Guelders
DATE OF DEATH 1419
Place of death Dijon