Jejudo
| Jejudo ( 제주도 ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Waters | between Korea Strait and the East China Sea | |
| Geographical location | 33 ° 22 ' N , 126 ° 32' E | |
|
||
| length | 73 km | |
| width | 31 km | |
| surface | 1 849 km² | |
| Highest elevation |
Hallasan ( 한라산 ) 1950 m |
|
| Residents | 583.284 (2011) 315 inhabitants / km² |
|
| main place | Jeju-si | |
Jejudo ( Korean : 제주도 ), in German often simply Jeju or Chechu , is a volcanic island in the Strait of Jeju and by far the largest island in South Korea . Together with some smaller islands around it, it forms the province of Jeju-do ( 제주도 ).
geography
Jejudo is located around 85 km south of the Korean Peninsula at the exit of the Korea Road to the East China Sea . The island extends in an east-west expansion, is 73 km long and 31 km wide and covers an area of 1,848.85 km². The highest point is the dormant shield volcano Hallasan ( 한라산 ) at 1,950 m , which is located in the middle of the island. The mountain slopes slope almost constantly on all sides towards the sea and are covered with dark gray volcanic rock and earth made of volcanic ash . Numerous rivers all have their source on the mountain cone and run radially in all directions towards the sea.
Two roads leading around the island connect the larger towns on the coast and the two centers Jeju-si in the north and Seogwipo -si in the south of the island. Administratively, the two cities divide the island in half into north and south, with Jeju-si in the north being the capital of the island.
climate
The island's climate can be described as subtropical . The Kuroshio ocean current has a corresponding effect here. The average temperatures of the entire island are around 11.7 ° C, with an annual average of between 15 ° C and 16 ° C on the coasts. The annual rainfall amounts to 1,560 mm in the coastal regions and 2,044 mm for the whole island. The months of July to August are considered the wettest months. They alone account for 43% of the total annual precipitation.
Due to the special climate, plants can be grown on Jeju Island for which it is usually too cold on the Korean peninsula , for example banana trees .
Emergence
The island was formed by a constant process of volcanic eruptions on the sea floor from around 1.2 million to 700,000 years ago. 300,000 to 100,000 years ago, the Hallasan volcano, which is now clearly visible from afar, was formed, and its crater lake was formed around 25,000 years ago.
use
The coastal strip with a height of up to 200 m above sea level represents about 55% of the total area of the island. It is mainly used for agriculture (for example for the cultivation of tea ) or for settlement purposes, but also for military bases in the USA. The areas above between 200 m and 500 m above sea level consist mainly of unused land and make up about 27% of the total area. The landscape between 500 m and 1,000 m above sea level (13.7%) is forested. There are tourist facilities and mushroom farms. The region from 1,000 m is part of a landscape with an alpine character. It makes up around 4.5% of the island's area and is protected as Hallasan National Park.
Attractions
The stone walls of Jeju-do are considered to be an important cultural heritage for the island , which are called Batdam ( 밭담 ) a spider's web stretching over 22,100 km across the entire island, and are called Wondam ( 원담 ), built on shallower points of the coast in the sea for fishing and as Sandam ( 산담 ) pacify and protect the graves of the deceased.
literature
- Jeju Special Self-Governing Province (Ed.): Jeju Life Guide Book . Jeju-si 2011 (English).
Web links
- Homepage . Jeju Special Self-Governing Province,accessed January 31, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jeju Life Guide Book . 2011, p. 10 .
- ^ A b Introduction - Jeju-Nature's paradise in the north pacific . Jeju Special Self-Governing Province , accessed January 31, 2013 .
- ^ Weather . Jeju Special Self-Governing Province , accessed January 31, 2013 .
- ^ South Korean farmers see boost in banana crop. BBC News, January 21, 2019, accessed January 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Noam Chomsky : Who rules the world? Ullstein, Berlin, 2016, p. 114.
- ^ Geography . Jeju Special Self-Governing Province , accessed January 31, 2013 .
- ↑ Lee Chang-guy: The Historical Legacy of the Stone Walls of Jeju-do . In: Koreana . Volume 13, No. 2. The Korea Foundation , 2018, ISSN 1975-0617 , p. 4–11 (German-language edition).