Jenerálka

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Jenerálka Castle

Jenerálka is a settlement in the northwest of the Czech capital Prague .

geography

Jenerálka is located on the left side of the Šárecký potok at the confluence of the Krutecký potok. It is located in the Šárka Valley Nature Park in the Dejvice district . The place is known to experts as a Stone Age site. The castle dates from the 18th century.

Archaeological site

In 1895, Jan Nepomuk Woldřich, professor of geology and paleontology at Charles University , found the remains of a Upper Paleolithic settlement in a clay pit in Jenerálka : fireplaces, 414 stone tools and a large number of broken animal bones. The stone tools resemble finds from the Austrian Krems -Hundsteig. The animal remains come from horses, reindeer , woolly rhinos , mammoths and saiga antelopes. Two bones underwent radiocarbon analysis in 2003 and dated to 22,480 ± 290 BP and 21,910 ± 270 BP (the long bone of a Mammuthus primigenius ), respectively . The settlement was at the cultural level of the Gravettian , possibly also of the late Aurignacian .

The area then seems to have been continuously inhabited and cultivated since the Neolithic period at the latest . Further finds from Jenerálka belong to the band ceramic culture and the early Slavic period.

Natural monument

The rocky hill on which the prehistoric settlement was located consists of very old rock: fine-grained greywacke , siltstone and slate from the Upper Proterozoic . On the south-western slope there is also volcanic material from the lower Ordovician . Xerothermal dry grass communities , predominantly of the Festuco-Brometea type, grow on the barren soil . As a striking geological and topographical element, the hill has been a natural monument since 1968 .

Jenerálka Castle

Since the Middle Ages, the place has been a winery owned by the Strahov Monastery . The Premonstratensians built a castle on the site of the manor in the second half of the 18th century. In the 19th century it was redesigned in neo-baroque style and served as a summer residence for Prague citizens; Among other things, the landscape painter August Piepenhagen lived here .

In the 20th century, Jenerálka experienced a varied use: from 1923-24 veterans of the Czechoslovak legions took a rest in the castle . From 1942 to 1944 the Gestapo placed around 50 children in Jenerálka whose parents had been executed after the assassination attempt on Reinhard Heydrich . In the last days of the war, Karl Hermann Frank had a group of Czechoslovak politicians and diplomats (including Arnošt Heidrich and Kamil Krofta ) imprisoned here. After the war, the electronics company TESLA used the building as an operating facility. From 1997 to 2014 the house was the seat of the “International Baptist Theological Seminary” (IBTS) and a hotel.

Web links

Commons : Jenerálka  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 31 ″  N , 14 ° 21 ′ 3.3 ″  E