Jing-Jin-Ji

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Jing-Jin-Ji , sometimes also called JJJ ( Chinese  京津冀 , Pinyin Jīngjīnjì ), is the name of a planned Chinese metropolitan city that will unite Peking / Beijing (jing), Tianjin (jin) and Hebei (ji). Extensive plans concern the neighboring cities of Beijing, such as Haojiafu in Beijing's Tongzhou district . Beijing itself will remain the core of the region.

The metropolitan region can be divided into three areas: Beijing as the center of culture and technology development, the port city of Tianjin as the center of production and trade and the Hebei province for housing, businesses and food cultivation. High-speed trains are to connect the sub-centers in one hour's travel time. For example, with the high-speed train that opened on December 30, 2019 and running at up to 350 km / h, the journey from Zhangjiakou , Hebei, to Beijing's Haidian high-tech district , a distance of 136 km, takes only 47 minutes. Most jobs are being relocated from the congested Beijing to the sub-centers.

The aim is to create a new megacity with up to 130 million inhabitants on an area of ​​216,000 km² from Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The elimination of administrative borders, which are seen as an obstacle to economic development, is seen as an important goal.

The project was announced by President Xi Jinping in May 2015 . The name goes back to the Chinese name of the capital - Beijing -, the name of the city of Tianjin and the historical name of Hebei - Ji. Ji, but with a different spelling in Chinese, was also the historical name from Beijing to the Tang Dynasty (618–907). The term for the greater area has been in use for a long time, especially as an economic zone. Such an automobile manufacturer, the Jing-Jin-Ji Joint Automobile Company , was also named, as was the Jing-Jin-Ji Container Transport Company (since 1980).

From 2017 on, the seat of government, but also ministries, universities, hospitals, up to 1200 industrial companies and perhaps the headquarters of the Communist Party from Beijing were to move to the new urban areas.

The new Beijing Capital Airport Beijing-Daxing was opened in September 2019 . It is located in Daxing , a suburb on the border with Hebei Province, about 50 km south of the city center. A motorway as well as underground and express train routes are being built there. Up to 100 million passengers per year are planned. The high-speed railway line from Beijing to Tianjin and the sea ports are easily accessible.

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Remarks

  1. ^ Yukon Huang, Alessandro Magnoli Bocchi (Ed.): Reshaping Economic Geography in East Asia . World Bank Publications, 2009, p. 310.
  2. ↑ Ulrike Putz: Jing-Jin-Ji project: China plans 130 million megacity . In: SpiegelOnline, July 25, 2015.
  3. ↑ 唐 斓: 时速 350 公里！ 京 张 高 铁 正式 开通 运营. In: xinhuanet.com. December 30, 2019, accessed January 1, 2020 (Chinese).
  4. ↑ https://gubsch.com/2018/01/19/jing-jin-ji-mega-city-fuer-130-millionen-menschen/ Jing-Jin-Ji. Mega city for 130 million people , January 19, 2018.
  5. ↑ Feng Xu, Qiulin Lu, Rui Qi, Jing Li: Urban brand systems: an example from the Bohai Sea Economic Zone . In: Per Olof Berg, Emma Björner (eds.): Branding Chinese Mega-Cities: Policies, Practices and Positioning . Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014, pp. 64–78, here: p. 74.
  6. ↑ Gungwu Wang, Yongnian Zheng: China. Development and Governance . World Scientific, 2012, passim; similar already: Brian Hook: Beijing and Tianjin. Towards a Millennial Megalopolis . Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 96.
  7. ↑ China Newsletter , 60-77 (1986), p. 78, ed. from the Japan External Trade Organization.
  8. ↑ Seatrade 14 (1984), p. 115.