Joan de Geneville

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Joan de Geneville (also Joinville ; married Joan de Mortimer, Countess of March ) ( February 2, 1286 - October 19, 1356 ) was an English nobleman and wife of Roger Mortimer .

Life

Origin, inheritance and marriage

Joan de Geneville was the eldest daughter of Peter de Geneville and his wife Jehan de la Marche . Her father was the eldest son of Geoffrey de Geneville , but died before his father in 1292. After her father's death, her grandfather decided that Joan should be his only heir and sent her two sisters Beatrice and Maud to the Aconbury Priory convent as nuns . With this, Joan became the heir to her grandfather's estates in England, Wales and Ireland. In Wales the family owned the lordship of Ludlow Castle , in Ireland Meath and the Liberty of Trim and Trim Castle . About her mother Jehan de la Marche, daughter of Hugo XII. von Lusignan , Joan had claims to possessions in Gascony .

Her grandfather Geoffrey de Geneville arranged for the wealthy heiress to marry Roger Mortimer , heir to Edmund Mortimer of Wigmore , a powerful Marcher Lord . The engagement probably took place in 1299 or 1300, and after further financial arrangements between the two families, the marriage was concluded on August 20, 1301 in Pembridge , an estate of the Mortimer family near Wigmore.

Marriage to Roger Mortimer of Wigmore

Despite their youth, Roger and Joan got their own household after their wedding. They had two children within three years of their marriage. In February 1308 she was one of the ladies that Isabelle de France , wife of King Edward II. Upon arrival in Dover welcomed. She took part in the coronation of the royal couple in 1308 and then officially remained the queen's lady-in-waiting, but apparently she was mostly in the wake of her husband.

From 1308 to 1309 she accompanied him to Ireland. Her grandfather gave her his Irish possessions in 1308. After a stay in England from 1310 to 1312 she again accompanied her husband to Ireland, where he looked after the Irish goods. Roger Mortimer later rose to the position of Justiciar and King's Lieutenant of Ireland. In 1318 he returned to England, where he was quickly embroiled in the domestic political conflicts during the reign of Edward II. In March 1321 he was among the Marcher Lords, against the royal favorite, le Hugh Despenser rebelled . Probably Joan last saw her husband in the summer of 1321, before he had to surrender to the king in January 1322. Mortimer was imprisoned in the Tower of London .

Detention and imprisonment

The king also took revenge on the rebel's family. The day after Mortimer's surrender, the King ordered his family's arrest and Joan was arrested at Wigmore Abbey . Her possessions were confiscated and sold, and she herself was initially imprisoned in the Tower of London . There she was housed separately from her husband, who was also imprisoned there, and was under the supervision of the Queen. She was also separated from her children. Her older sons were imprisoned in royal castles and her older daughters in various monasteries.

After her husband escaped from the Tower in a spectacular escape in August 1323, Queen Isabelle urged the government to ensure that more money was approved for the livelihood of her former lady-in-waiting. Finally, Joan was allowed to leave the Tower and was then, like the wives of other rebels, held in house arrest in Hampshire with a small retinue of five servants .

Her husband fled to France. There he began a relationship with Queen Isabelle in 1325 at the latest, who had stayed in France after a diplomatic mission because of the influence of Hugh le Despenser on her husband Edward II. Edward II feared an invasion from him in England soon after Mortimer's flight. Joan was therefore moved to Skipton Castle in Yorkshire in April 1324 .

Life during her husband's reign, last years, and death

Ludlow Castle, later the main residence of Joan de Geneville

In the autumn of 1326, Isabelle and Mortimer actually landed in England with a small army and overthrew the rule of Edward II and of Despenser. Together with Isabelle, Mortimer now took over from the underage new King Edward III. the real rule. Although Mortimer apparently met his wife again in November 1326 and subsequently sent her gifts such as books, he did not return to his wife. Instead, he stayed at the royal court and apparently continued his relationship with the Queen Mother.

When four of Joan's and Mortimer's daughters were married in two double weddings in 1328 and 1329, Mortimer and the Queen visited Ludlow Castle, where Joan now lived. To avoid having to live under one roof with his wife and lover, he had previously had a second residential building built in the castle. When Mortimer was elevated to Earl of March in 1328 , Joan became Countess of March accordingly .

In October 1330, the young king overthrew Mortimer in a coup and had him executed as a traitor. His possessions were confiscated and his titles were forfeited. After Mortimer's body was first buried in Coventry, Joan received permission to transfer him to Wigmore after a year in November 1331. It is unclear whether Mortimer's body was actually transferred to Wigmore or Shrewsbury, or whether it remained in Coventry.

After Mortimer's fall, Joan was also accused of treason and lost her title, although she had lived in Ludlow rather than at the royal court during her husband's reign. It was not until May 1336 that she was pardoned and received her paternal inheritance back in Ireland, in addition to receiving compensation for lost income. She did not remarry. Presumably she was buried next to Roger Mortimer after her death.

Descendants and inheritance

With her husband Roger, Joan had at least twelve children:

  1. ⚭ Edward of Brotherton († 1334), son of Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk
  2. Thomas de Braose, 1st Baron Brewes ( House of Braose )

Until Mortimer's captivity in 1321, he and Joan probably had a close and good relationship. Unlike other nobles of their time, they did not only care for their eldest son and daughter, but tried to make marriage possible for everyone and furnished them with properties. Since Joan's eldest son Edmund had died before her, his son, her grandson Roger Mortimer, became her heir. Two years before Joan's death, he managed to rehabilitate his grandfather, so that Joan was again allowed to bear the title Countess of March.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 13.
  2. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 21.
  3. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 13.
  4. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 14.
  5. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 37.
  6. Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . London, Pimlico 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 29.
  7. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 40.
  8. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 120.
  9. Natalie Fryde: The tyranny and fall of Edward II, 1321-1326 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003. ISBN 0-521-54806-3 , p. 63.
  10. Seymour Phillips: Edward II . New Haven, Yale University Press 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-15657-7 , p. 488.
  11. Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . London, Pimlico 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 151.
  12. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 121
  13. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 145.
  14. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 136.
  15. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 164.
  16. Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . London, Pimlico 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 311.
  17. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 206.
  18. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 242.
  19. Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . London, Pimlico 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 355.
  20. Alison Weir: Isabella. She-Wolf of France, Queen of England . London, Pimlico 2006, ISBN 0-7126-4194-7 , p. 44.
  21. ^ Ian Mortimer: The greatest traitor. The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Ruler of England, 1327-1330. Pimlico, London 2003, ISBN 0-7126-9715-2 , p. 210.