House Braose

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The House of Braose (also: Breuse, Brewes, Brehuse, Briouze, Brewose etc., Latinized de Braiosa ) was an important family of the Anglo- Norman nobility. She came from Briouze near Argentan in Normandy . Members of the family played an important role in the Norman conquest of England and the subsequent power struggles in England, Wales and Ireland well into the 14th century.

Fiefdom

The first English possession of the family was the rule Rape of Bramber in Sussex that William the Conqueror after 1066 and before 1086, the year of the creation of the Domesday Books , William de Braose was († 1093/1096). Wilhelm II. De Braose inherited part of the barony of Barnstaple from his mother. William III. acquired the Barony of Kington around 1194, the Gower reign in 1203 and part of the Totnes reign in 1206 . King Johann confiscated most of the property in 1208, but King Heinrich III. returned most of it, with the exception of Barnstaple, to Reginald de Braose. William V de Braose left the land in Wales to his four daughters, while Bramber and Gower reverted to the older Braose line.

Tribe list

The Lords of Bramber

  1. NN [de Briouze]; ⚭ Gunnor
    1. William de Braose († 1093/96), 1st Baron of Bramber, built Bramber Castle ; ⚭ Agnes de St Clare or Eve de Boissey
      1. Philip de Braose (around 1070/73; † 1131/39), 2nd Baron of Bramber, conquered Radnor and Builth in Wales, resigned in 1130; ⚭ Aenor de Totnes, daughter of Judhael de Totnes , heiress of ½ Barnstaple (Devon)
        1. Wiliam de Braose (1135/79 attested), 1130 3rd Baron of Bramber, inherited Barnstaple around 1155 ½, 1173–75 High Sheriff of Herefordshire ; ⚭ before 1150 Bertha of Hereford , after 1166 heiress of Brecon (Brecknock), Abergavenny and Hay-on-Wye , daughter of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford , ( House of Pitres ) and Sibyl de Neufmarché
          1. Coat of arms of the 4th Lord Bramber
            William de Braose (* 1144/53; † 9 August 1211), Seigneur de Braiose (Briouze), 4th Lord of Bramber, Lord of Brecon, 1192–99 High Sheriff of Herefordshire , bought Kington around 1194 , received 1203 Gower, Subjugated the ½ Barony of Totnes in 1206 , partially expropriated in 1208; ⚭ around 1166 Maud de St Valery († starved to death in captivity in 1210), daughter of Bernard de St Valery and Matilda
            1. Matilda (1172–29 December 1210); ⚭ Gruffydd ap Rhys II († 1201), Prince of Deheubarth
            2. William de Braose (* 1175; † starved to death in captivity in 1210); ⚭ Maud de Clare († after 1220) , daughter of Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford and Amicie FitzRobert de Meullant 4th Countess of Gloucester
              1. John de Breuse (* 1197/98; † before July 18, 1232), 8th Baron of Bramber, captured until 1218, acquired Gower in 1219, acquired Bramber from his uncle Reginald in 1226; ⚭ 1219 Margaret ferch Llewelyn († after 1268), daughter of Llywelyn from Iorwerth and Johanna von Wales (illegitimate daughter of King Johann ) ( House Plantagenet ), she married Walter III. de Clifford
                1. Sir William de Breuse († shortly before January 6, 1291), followed in 1232, 9th Lord of Bramber, Lord of Gower, 1290 1st Baron Braose, of legal age before 1245; ⚭ I Aline, daughter of Thomas de Multon of Burgh by Sands and Maud; ⚭ II Agnes, daughter of Nicholas de Moels of Cadbury, Somerset ; ⚭ III before 1271 Mary († 1326), daughter of William de Ros of Helmsley and Isabel d'Aubigny - descendants see below
                2. ? John de Breuse, of Glasbury (County Brecon), 1276/73 attested
                3. Sir Richard de Breuse (* before 1232, † before 1292); ⚭ before 1265 Alice Le Rus († 1300/01), heir daughter of William Le Rus, of Stinton Hall ( Salle (Norfolk) ), Akenham and Willingham (Suffolk), and Agatha de Clere, widow of Richard Lungespeye - descendants see below
              2. Giles, captured until 1218, † about 1218
              3. Philip, captured until 1218, married Eve around 1218, † before 1220
              4. Walter de Braose , captured until 1218, married around 1222 Hawise de Londres , daughter of Thomas de Londres and heiress to Kidwelly , died before January 14, 1234 fighting the Welsh
            3. Coat of arms of Giles and Reginald de Braose
              Giles de Braose (* probably 1176; † November 11, 1215), 1200 Bishop of Hereford , 5th Lord of Bramber, in exile until 1213
            4. Margaret (* 1177; † after 1255); ⚭ Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath († 1241)
            5. Reginald de Braose (* 1178; † June 9, 1228), 6th Lord of Bramber, received the expropriated part back to ½ Barnstaple in 1216 and 1218, Lord of Brecon, Abergavenny, Radnor and Builth; ⚭ I Grecia Briwere, daughter of William Brewer and Beatrice de Vaux; ⚭ II 1215 Gwladus Ddu († 1251), daughter of Llywelyn from Iorwerth ( house Gwynedd ), she married Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore , the parents of Roger Mortimer of Wigmore (see below)
              1. (I) William de Braose , called "Gwilym Ddu" (Black William) († executed May 2, 1230), 7th Lord of Bramber; ⚭ Eva Marshal († 1246), daughter of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke ( House Marshal ), and Isabel de Clare ( House Clare )
                1. Isabella (* around 1222, † around 1248), received Builth; ⚭ Dafydd ap Llywelyn († 1246), 1240 prince of Gwynedd
                2. Maud (* 1224; † shortly before March 23, 1301), received Radnor; ⚭ 1247 Roger Mortimer of Wigmore († 1282)
                3. Eleanor (* around 1228, † 1251), received Brecon and Kington; ⚭ after 1241 Humphrey V. de Bohun († 1265), son of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford ( House Bohun )
                4. Eva (attested in 1238/55) received Abergavenny and Totnes's share; ⚭ around 1241 William de Cantilupe († 1254)
              2. ? Matilda ; ⚭ Rhys Mechyll († 1244) part king of Deheubarth
            6. John (around 1180; † 1205); ⚭ Amabil de Limesi
            7. Loretta (around 1185, † around 1266); ⚭ 1196/97 Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester († 1204)
            8. Annora (* 1190; † 1241) ⚭ Hugh de Mortimer († 1227), son of Roger Mortimer of Wigmore
            9. Flandrina, Abbess of Godstow in 1242 , deposed in 1248
          2. Roger
          3. Bertha (* 1151); ⚭ around 1175 Walter de Beauchamp († 1235) ( Beauchamp (family, Worcester) )
          4. Sibyl († after 1227); ⚭ William de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby († 1190)
          5. Maud; ⚭ John de Brompton of Shropshire
        2. Philipp de Braose junior (testified in 1172; † probably before 1201); ⚭ Eva / Maud, second married William, Baron of Naas
        3. Basilia
        4. Gillian

The barons Braose and Brewose

  1. Coat of arms of the 1st Baron Braose
    Sir William de Breuse († shortly before January 6, 1291), followed in 1232, 9th Lord of Bramber, Lord of Gower, 1290 1st Baron Braose, of legal age before 1245; ⚭ I Aline, daughter of Thomas de Multon of Burgh by Sands and Maud; ⚭ II Agnes, daughter of Nicholas de Moels of Cadbury, Somerset ; ⚭ III before 1271 Mary († 1326), daughter of William de Ros of Helmsley and Isabel d'Aubigny - ancestors see above
    1. (I) Sir William de Brewes / Brewose (* probably 1261; † shortly before May 1, 1326), 10th Lord of Bramber, Lord of Gower, 2nd Baron Braose; ⚭ I NN; ⚭ II before 1317 Elizabeth († before 1328), heir daughter of Sir Raymond de Sully of Sully ( Glamorgan )
      1. Aline († before 1331); ⚭ 1298 Sir John Mowbray, 2nd Baron Mowbray († executed 1322), received Gower and Bramber; ⚭ II Sir Richard de Peschale
      2. Joan († before 1324); ⚭ I before 1301 James de Bohun († 1306); ⚭ II Sir Richard Foliot, of Gressenhall (Norfolk) - The Barony Broase has been in abeyance since its death ( Abeyance )
      3. ? William, attested in 1311, † probably before 1316
    2. (II) Giles, around 1300 in Scotland
    3. (III) Richard († before 1296)
    4. (III) Sir Piers (Peter) de Brewose (* around 1272; † 1312), of Tetbury (Gloucestershire); ⚭ Agnes, widow of Sir Henry Husee
      1. Sir Thomas de Brewose / Breouse (born September 8, 1301; † June 9/16, 1361), of Manningford Bruce ( Pewsey , Wiltshire), Tetbury etc., 1348 1st Baron Brewose; ⚭ before 1337 Beatrice Mortimer , († 1383), daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March , and Joan de Geneville , widow of Edward († 1334), son of Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk
        1. Beatrice; ⚭ William de Say, 3rd Baron de Say († 1375)
          1. Elizabeth de Say (February 24, 1366 - July 8, 1399), 1395 5th Baroness Brewose; ⚭ I 1382 Sir John de Falvesley; ⚭ II before 1393 Sir William Heron - no descendants, whereby the barony became extinct
          2. John de Say (around 1373 - July 27, 1382), 4th Lord Say
        2. Elizabeth
        3. Joan
        4. Peter (* after 1334)
        5. Sir John de Brewose / Breouse (* before 1339; † February 3, 1366/67), of Tetbury and Werthorpe, 2nd Baron Brewose; ⚭ (marriage contract January 15, 1360/61) Elizabeth Mountagu († 1361), daughter of Sir Edward Mountagu, Lord Mountagu
        6. Tomb of Thomas de Braose, 3rd Baron Braose, in St Mary's Church, Horsham , West Sussex , drawing by Samuel Hieronymus Grimm , 1781
          Sir Thomas de Brewose / Breouse (around 1352 - 2 September 1395), of Manningsford, Tetbury etc., 3rd Baron Brewose; ⚭ Margaret († 1444), she married in 2nd marriage William Burcestre, in 3rd marriage John Berkeley of Beverston (Gloucestershire)
          1. Joan de Brewose (1393 - October 10, 1395)
          2. Thomas de Brewose (born August 26, 1395 - † October 7, 1395), 4th Baron Brewose
      2. Mary de Brewes (before 1309; † April 17, 1361/ June 15, 1362); ⚭ I before 1324 Ralph de Cobham, 1st Baron de Cobham († 1326); ⚭ II around 1328 Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk (1300–1338)
    5. (III) Margaret; ⚭ Ralph de Comys, 1st Baron Comys († 1336)
    6. ? (III) William

The Breuse / Brewes of Stinton, Akenham etc.

  1. Sir Richard de Breuse (* before 1232, † before 1292); ⚭ before 1265 Alice Le Rus († 1300/01), heir daughter of William Le Rus, of Stinton Hall ( Salle (Norfolk) ), Akenham and Wittingham (Suffolk), and Agatha de Clere, widow of Richard Lungespeye - ancestors see above
    1. Sir Giles de Breuse (* before 1273; † shortly before February 6, 1310/11); ⚭ Joan († after 1311), daughter of Richard de Beaumont, of Witnesham (Suffolk)
      1. Richard de Breuse (* around 1302; † young)
      2. Robert de Breuse († underage shortly before July 12, 1325); ⚭ Katherine, heir daughter of Sir Thomas de Norwich, widowed as a nun in Dartford (Kent) 1378/79
      3. Sir John de Brewes (10 August 1306, † after 1370), of Stinton, Akenham, Ludborough etc .; ⚭ Eve († after 1370), daughter of Sir Robert d'Ufford and Cicely de Valoignes, sister of Robert d'Ufford, 1st Earl of Suffolk
        1. Sir John de Brewes (around 1332; † 1394/1402), of Stinton, Akenham, Ludborough etc., High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk ; ⚭ Joan (or Agnes) († after 1456), daughter of Sir John de Shardelowe, of Barton Mills and Cooling (Suffolk), and Margaret
          1. Sir Robert Brewes († 1424), of Stinton, Akenham etc .; ⚭ Ela, daughter of Sir Miles Stapleton, of Bedale (North Yorkshire), and Ingham (Norfolk) , and Ela d'Ufford, granddaughter of Sir Miles Stapleton of Bedale
            1. Sir Thomas Brewes († June 17, 1482), of Stinton, Akenham etc., High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 1438-39 and 1442-43; ⚭ I Joan (or Ann or Mary) († after 1501), daughter of Sir John Calthorpe and Anne Wythe; ⚭ II before 1456 Elizabeth, daughter of Gilbert Debenham, of Tattingstone and Flixton (Suffolk), sister of Gilbert Debenham , Lord Chancellor of Ireland 1473–1476
              1. (I) William Brewes († October 28/30, 1489), of Stinton, Akenham etc .; ⚭ Elizabeth († before 1489), daughter of John Hopton, of Swillington ( West Yorkshire ), and Blythburgh (Suffolk)
                1. Thomasine (* before 1459); ⚭ Sir Thomas Hansard
                2. Anne (before 1474 - † July 25, 1551); ⚭ Roger Townshend , of Rainham (Norfolk) († 1551)

See also

literature

  • Dudley George Cary Elwes: The Family of de Braose, 1066-1326 (1883)
  • George Edward Cokayne , Vicary Gibbs: The Complete Peerage, Volume 2, (1912) pp. 302–310 (for the Barons von Braose and Brewose and Lords von Stinton, Akenham etc.)
  • Ivor John Sanders: English Baronies: Braose baronies in Wales, p. 21; Kington, p. 57; Totnes, p. 89; Bramber, p. 108; Barnstaple, p. 104 (Oxford, 1960)

Remarks

  1. ↑ Matthäus Paris , Historia Anglorum, Chronica maiora , Part III (1250-59), British Library MS Royal 14 C VII f. 29v
  2. ↑ Cokayne: “Hey d. shortly before 6 Jan. 1290/1 "and" He is recorded to have sat in the Parl. of Apr-May 1290 "-" 1290/91 "means: 6 January 1290 old style = 6 January 1291 new style
  3. ↑ Cokayne; 1300 = old style, 1301 = new style
  4. ^ Joseph Foster, Some feudal coats of arms from heraldic rolls 1298-1418, p. 35
  5. ↑ Falkirk Rolla of Arms
  6. ↑ Cokayne: "... who was hanged at York (after the battle of Boroughbridge) 23 Mar. 1321/2" - that is, 1322, justification as above
  7. ↑ on Cokayne "Joinville"
  8. ↑ Cokayne: 1366 = old style, 1367 = new style
  9. ↑ Cokayne: 1360 = old style, 1361 = new style
  10. ↑ Cokayne; 1310 = old style, 1311 = new style
  11. ↑ Cokayne; 1378 = old style, 1379 = new style