Bohun house

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The Bohun family is a family of English nobility who came to the island during the Norman conquest of England and played an important role through their marriages until the end of the 14th century.

origin

Planché reports that the Bohun family got their name from the Bohon region in what is now the arrondissement of Saint-Lô in the Cotentin in Normandy , where "the communes of Saint-André-de-Bohon and Saint-Georges-de-Bohon " are still located. However, there is no trace of the family in Norman sources, apart from a donation made by Humphrey with the beard to the Abbey of Saint-Amand in Rouen . Their rare appearance in the surviving records suggests that the family was of lower nobility and had little political influence in the duchy. However, a much more recent manuscript on the descendants of the founders of Lanthony Abbey in Gloucestershire reports that "Dominus Hunfredus de Bohun, cum barba", who accompanied William the Conqueror to England, was the king's cognatus . It is not known whether this document exaggerated relations with the ducal family in order to strengthen the reputation of the abbey's founders, but "cognatus" will in any case include relationships that were created either by birth or by marriage. Whatever the truth of their position in Normandy, the Bohun family's fortunes began on a small scale in England as Humphrey with the beard is only listed in the Domesday Book as the owner of Tatterford , Norfolk , which suggests that a family relationship with the king was not close enough to be considered by the monarch. The family's fortunes grew rapidly when Humphrey de Bohun secundus married Matilda de Salisbury, daughter of Edward of Salisbury , who brought great Wiltshire estates into the marriage. Humphrey de Bohun tertius increased the family fortune further when he married Margaret of Hereford , the eldest daughter of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford , who after the death of her brother without any problems became his chief heir and also the hereditary office of Constable of England passed on to her son. The title of Earl of Hereford was reassigned in 1200 in favor of her grandson Henry de Bohun . The line of the count expired in 1373 with Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford , whose daughters Eleanor de Bohun and Mary de Bohun were married to members of the royal family - the latter is the mother of King Henry V of the House of Lancaster , the victor of the Battle of Azincourt .

Tribe list

From the 11th to the 13th centuries

  1. Humphrey with the beard ( dominus Hunfredus de Bohun, cum barba ), 1066 to England, 1086 attested, † after 1092; ⚭ NN - Humphrey was married three times, his third marriage before moving to England; the names of the wives are just as little known as from which marriage the children come
    1. Robert
    2. Richard de Méry, attested in 1092/93, † before 1131; ⚭ before 1092 Lucie, attested in 1092, sister of Alexander NN
      1. Robert, Henry, Humphrey and Havide, 1092 attested
      2. Ingelger de Bohun, attested in 1157, † probably in 1172; ⚭ (1) Mathilde; ⚭ (2) Adelise d'Aumale, † probably before 1168, daughter of Étienne Comte d'Aumale and Hawise de Mortemer ( House Blois ), widow of Robert II. Bertrand, Seigneur de Bricquebec ( House Bastembourg )
      3. Alexander de Bohun, † probably 1153, stewardess of Heinrich Graf von Anjou and Duke of Normandy, who later became King Heinrich II of England in Falaise , Argentan and Domfront
      4. Muriel de Bohun; ⚭ Savary FitzCana, son of Raoul, Vicomte de Maine , and Cana
      5. ? Daughter; ⚭ Engelger, † after 1130
    3. Ingelram (Ingulf), † after 1093, monk in Marmoutier
    4. 2 daughters, nuns in the Abbey of Saint-Léger de Préaux
    5. Adela de Bohun, † after 1130, possibly identical to Adelisa (de Bohun) ⚭ Main (d'Aubigné, Seigneur de Saint-Aubin-d'Aubigné ) - presumably ancestors of the Albino Brito family,
    6. Humphrey de Bohun secundus , † probably 1128/29; ⚭ Matilda de Salisbury, daughter of Edward of Salisbury , High Sheriff of Wiltshire
      1. Humphrey de Bohun tertius , * probably 1100/10; † probably 1164/65, Lord of Trowbridge , 1131 Dapifer ; ⚭ Margaret de Hereford , * probably 1121/25, † April 6, 1197 or after September 30, 1194, daughter of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford and Constable of England , and Sibylle de Neufmarché ( House of Pitres )
        1. Humphrey de Bohun quartus , † probably 1180, Lord of Trowbridge; probably 1172 Constable of England; ⚭ 1171, before Easter, Margaret of Huntingdon, * probably 1144/45, † 1201, daughter of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland , and Ada de Warenne, widow of Duke Conan IV of Brittany († 1171)
          1. Henry de Bohun , † June 1, 1220, April 28, 1200 1st Earl of Hereford; ⚭ Matilda de Mandeville, † August 27, 1236, daughter of Geoffrey fitz Peter, 1st Earl of Essex , and Beatrice de Say, 1227 suo iure Countess of Essex, they married for the second time before February 22, 1228 (divorced 24. April 1233, divorce revoked before July 1236) Roger de Daunteseye of Dauntsey (Wiltshire)
            1. Humphrey de Bohun , * before 1208, † September 24, 1275, 1220 2nd Earl of Hereford and Constable of England, 1236 1st Earl of Essex; ⚭ (1) Mathilde de Lusignan, † 1241, daughter of Raoul I. de Lusignan , Comte d'Eu and Alice d'Eu ( House Lusignan ); ⚭ 2. Matilde de Avenbury, † October 8, 1273 - for descendants see below
            2. Henry de Bohun († young)
            3. Ralph de Bohun
        2. Milo and Richard, † young
        3. Matilda de Bohun, * probably 1140/43, † after 1194 or after 1199; ⚭ (1) Henry de Oilly of Hook Norton, Oxfordshire, † 1163, son of Robert d'Oilly and Edith Forne; ⚭ (2?) After 1163 Juhel de Mayenne, † after 1172, son of Juhel, Seigneur de Mayenne and Clémence de Ponthieu; ⚭ (3?) Walter FitzRobert, † 1198, Lord of Little Dunmow , son of Robert FitzRichard de Clare and Matilda de Senlis
        4. ? Margaret de Bohun, † before 1196 ⚭ Waleran de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Warwick , † 1203/04 ( House Beaumont )
      2. Matilda de Bohun

13th and 14th centuries

  1. Humphrey de Bohun , * before 1208, † September 24, 1275, 1220 2nd Earl of Hereford and Constable of England, 1236 1st Earl of Essex; ⚭ (1) Mathilde de Lusignan, † 1241, daughter of Raoul I. de Lusignan , Comte d'Eu and Alice d'Eu ( House Lusignan ); ⚭ 2. Matilde de Avenbury, † October 8, 1273 - ancestors see above
    1. (1) Humphrey de Bohun , † October 27, 1265 Beeston Castle ( Cheshire ); ⚭ (1) after August 1241 Eleanor de Briouse, † around 1251, daughter of William de Braose, 7th Baron of Bramber , and Eva Marshal ( House of Braose ); ⚭ (2) Joan de Quincy, † November 25, 1284, daughter of Robert de Quincy , Lord of Ware, and Helen ferch Llywelyn
      1. (1) Humphrey de Bohun , * probably 1249, † December 31, 1298, 1275 3rd Earl of Hereford and Essex, Constable of England; ⚭ 1275 Mathilde de Fiennes, † November 6, before 1298, daughter of Enguerrand, Seigneur de Fiennes , and Isabelle de Condé
        1. Humphrey de Bohun , * probably 1276, X March 16, 1322 in the battle of Boroughbridge , Earl of Hereford and Earl of Essex, Constable of England, deposed as constable in 1302, reinstated in 1311; ⚭ November 14, 1302 Elisabeth of Rhuddlan , * August 1282, † May 1316, probably on the 5th, daughter of King Edward I and Eleanor of Castile ( House Plantagenet ), widow of Johann I, Count of Holland and Zealand
          1. Margaret de Bohun, * 1303, † young
          2. Humphrey de Bohun, * probably 1304, † September 10, 1304
          3. John de Bohun , born November 23, 1306, † January 20, 1336, 1322 Earl of Hereford, Earl of Essex and Constable of England, 1330 deposed as constable due to illness; ⚭ (1) Papal dispensation February 1325 to Alice FitzAlan, daughter of Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel , and Alice de Warenne ( House of FitzAlan ); ⚭ (2) Margaret Basset, daughter of Ralph Basset, 2nd Baron Basset of Drayton , and Joan de Gray; no offspring
          4. Humphrey de Bohun , * probably 1309, † October 15, 1361, 1330–1338 and probably a second time Constable of England from 1360, 1336 Earl of Hereford, Earl of Essex; single and without descendants
          5. Edward de Bohun, * probably 1312 (twin), † November 1334, probably on 10th, 1330 Constable of England; ⚭ Margaret de Ros, daughter of William de Ros and Matilda de Vaux
          6. William de Bohun , * probably 1312 (twin), † September 16, 1360, 1337 1st Earl of Northampton, 1338 Constable of England; ⚭ around 1335 Elizabeth de Badlesmere , * probably 1313, † after May 31, 1356, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere and Margaret de Clare , widow of Edmund Mortimer, Lord Mortimer
            1. Humphrey de Bohun , born March 25, 1342, † January 16, 1373, 1360 2nd Earl of Northampton, 1361 7th Earl of Hereford, 6th Earl of Essex and Constable of England; ⚭ probably after September 9, 1359 Joan FitzAlan , * probably 1347, † April 8, 1419, daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster ( House FitzAlan )
              1. Eleanor de Bohun , * probably 1366, † October 3, 1399, suo iure Countess of Essex; ⚭ before February 8, 1376 Thomas of Woodstock , * January 7, 1356, † murdered 8./9. September 1397, Constable of England de iure uxoris , 1377 Earl of Buckingham , 1380 Earl of Essex, 1385 1st Duke of Gloucester , expropriated in 1397, son of King Edward III. and Philippa von Hainaut ( House Plantagenet )
              2. Mary de Bohun , * 1369/70, † June 4, 1394, suo iure Countess of Hereford and Northampton; ⚭ between July 20, 1380 and February 10, 1381 Henry of Bolingbroke , * April 1367, probably on March 3, † March 20, 1413, Earl of Derby, 1384 Earl of Northampton and Earl of Hereford de iure uxoris , 1399 as Henry IV 1399 King of England , son of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster , and Blanche of Lancaster ( House of Lancaster )
            2. Elizabeth de Bohun, † April 3, 1385; ⚭ marriage contract September 28, 1359, Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel , * 1346, † beheaded September 21, 1397, son of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel , and Eleanor of Lancaster ( House of FitzAlan )
          7. Eleanor de Bohun , † October 7, 1363; ⚭ (1) 1327 James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde , * probably 1305, † 1338, probably January / February, son of Edmund Butler (Le Botiller) and Joan FitzGerald of Kildare; ⚭ (2) probably 1344 Thomas de Dagworth , * after 1292, X at Auray (Bretagne) 1350, probably July / August, 1347 Lord Dagworth, son of John de Dagworth of Dagworth, Suffolk, and Alice FitzWarin
          8. Margaret de Bohun , † December 16, 1391; ⚭ August 11, 1325 Hugh de Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon , * July 12, 1303, † May 2, 1377, son of Hugh de Courtenay Lord Courtenay (later Earl of Devon ) and Agnes de St. John ( House of Courtenay )
          9. Eneas de Bohun, * probably 1313/15, † 1331, probably on September 29th
          10. Isabel de Bohun, * May 1316, probably on the 5th, † young
        2. ? Margery de Bohun, * probably 1276/80, † after 1306; ⚭ (1?) Robert de W ...; ⚭ (2?) Theobald de Verdun, Lord Verdun, * probably 1248, † August 24, 1309, son of John de Verdun and Margery de Lacy
      2. (1) Gilbert de Bohun, received his mother's Irish property
      3. (1) son
        1. Oliver de Bohun
      4. (1) Eleonor de Bohun, † February 20, 1314; ⚭ Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby , † 1279, son of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby , and Margaret de Quincy of Winchester
    2. (1) Matilda de Bohun, † October 20, 1252 Groby Castle ( Lincolnshire ); ⚭ (1) Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke , † December 1245, probably 22nd / 24th, son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke , and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke ; ⚭ (2) Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester , † April 25, 1264, son of Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester , and Margaret of Leicester
    3. (1) Alice; ⚭ Roger de Tosny, † June 10, 1263/14. May 1264, son of Raoul de Tosny and Pernel de Lacy ( Tosny House )
    4. (1) 2 daughters
    5. (1/2) Ralph de Bohun, † after November 2, 1256, cleric
    6. (2) John de Bohun of Haresfield; ⚭ NN
      1. Edmund de Bohun; ⚭ Matilde de Segrave, daughter of Nicholas de Segrave, Baron of Stowe ( Staffordshire )

literature

  • William Dugdale , Monasticon VI, Lanthony Abbey, Gloucestershire, II, Fundatorum progenies , p. 134
  • James Planché , The Genealogy and Armorial Bearings of the Earls of Hereford , in: Journal of the British Archæological Association , Volume 27, 1871, p. 183.

Web link

  • Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands, Earls of Hereford 1200–1373 (Bohun) ( online )

Remarks

  1. ↑ Dugdale
  2. ↑ [1]
  3. ↑ dominum Humfredum de Bohun secundum as the son of dominus Humfredus de Bohun, cum barba (Dugdale)
  4. ↑ Humfredus tertius de Bohun as the son of "dominum Humfredum de Bohun secundum" (Dugdale)
  5. ↑ dominus Humfridus quartus de Bohun, comes Herefordiæ et constabularius Angliæ as the son of dominum Hunfredum de Bohun tertium and his wife Margeriam (Dugdale)