Edward of Salisbury

Edward of Salisbury († probably 1105/07) was an English nobleman and courtier ( curialis ) of the 10th and early 11th centuries of Anglo-Saxon origin, who was sheriff of Wiltshire during the reign of Kings William the Conqueror , William Rufus and Henry I served and was apparently one of the richest men in England.

Ædwardus de Saresbiri

The Chronicon Abbatiæ Ramesiensis (Chronicle of Ramsey Abbey ) from the end of the 13th century reports a dispute which took place before the Lincolnshire Court "in the presence of Edward of Salisbury and many other confidants of the King and Thegn " (followers). The chronicle places the process in the time of King Hardiknut , who reigned from 1040 and whose death is reported in the next section in 1042, can in any case be seen before the Norman conquest in 1066.

Edwardus Dives

The Historia Selebiensis Monasterii (History of Selby Abbey ), completed in 1174, tells of an encounter between the monk Benedict of Auxerre, later founder of the abbey, and a citizen of Salisbury named Edward, who was nicknamed "the rich" (Dives), and who gave him many gifts that were still in the abbey in the middle of the 12th century

Edward the sheriff

In 1067, the sheriff of Wiltshire was Edric. Edward of Salisbury, a major landowner from the South and Southwest and curialis (courtier) was sheriff of Wiltshire, in 1081. probably as early as 1070. He seems to have been sheriff until at least 1105, since at that time he is mentioned in a long list of sheriffs who attest to a charter of Henry I; in addition, it is believed that he was one of Henry I's chamberlains. 1107 Walter Hosate is named as sheriff, probably Edward of Salisbury had died in the meantime.

The Domesday Book lists him as a landowner in 1086, primarily in Wiltshire, but also in Surrey ( Walton-on-Thames , Godalming ), Hampshire (Bramshott, district of Liphook , North Charford , Fordingsbridge ), Dorset ( Canford Magna , Kinson , and Hertfordshire) Great Gaddesden , Hoddesdon , here as Edward the Sheriff ). He is named here as the richest tenant-in-chief , whose property included 312.5 Carucata , which corresponds to a good 150 square kilometers. Most of his property was previously owned by a Wulfwynne who is adopted as his mother.

Edward of Salisbury

In 1119 an Edward of Salisbury took part in the fighting of Henry I - but here it appears to be a younger son of the sheriff.

Overall, it can even be assumed (if the dates are correct) that Edward of Salisbury, who appears in the documents between 1040/42 and 1119, is actually three people: the rich landowner from the Anglo-Saxon era, the sheriff in the second half of the 11th century as well as the knight named in 1119.

Origin and descendants

Only the book by Lacock from the middle of the 14th century gives information about the origin of Edward of Salisbury . Accordingly, after the Norman conquest of England, Walter le Ewrus , Norman Earl of Roumare , was given rule over Salisbury and Amesbury by King William the Conqueror . Walter le Ewrus, who with Gerold Mantelec, Count of Roumare, already had a son in France, became the father of Edward in England, who, as he was of English (i.e. Anglo-Saxon) origin , was probably the son of a local woman. The Complete Peerage, however, calls Walter le Ewrus invented ( fictitious ) and states that Edward's parents are unknown. Edward of Salisbury, whose wife is unknown, had at least two children:

1. Matilda de Salisbury, buried in Lanthony Priory ; ∞ Humphrey de Bohun . ( Bohun House )
2. Walter FitzEdward of Salisbury, † 1147, buried in Bradenstoke Priory , Sheriff of Wiltshire in the time of King Henry I (1100–1135); ∞ Sibyl de Chaources, daughter of Patrick de Chaources (Chaworth) and Mathilde de Hesdin, buried in Bradenstoke Priory - Walter and Sibyl are the parents of Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury
3. ? Edward of Salisbury, attested in the battles of Henry I in 1119

Remarks

1. ↑ Macray, p ix
2. ↑ Postes vero, eodem Lefsio mortuo, memoratus monachio Morkerus filius ipsius easdem terras dirationavit Deo et sancto Benedicto contra calumniatores, in pleno comitatu de Lincoln [ia], coram Ædwardo de Saresbiri et aliis multis fidelibus regis et min. 154
3. ↑ Macray, p 154, margin note
4. ↑ Burton / Lockyer, pp. 24/25, footnote 44
5. ^ “Fuit tunc temporis in Salesbiria ciuis Edwardus nomine, uir omni morum honestate prefulgens, et inter secularia uitam et morem diffitens secularem. Habitu tamen et specie, specimen in eo secularitatis apparebat, qui etiam non minus census quam sensus locupletatus honore propter diuersarum opum affluentem congeriem 'Diues' cognomi nabatur. Hic ergo Salesbiriam aduenientem Benedictum sollempni suscepit officio, susceptum deuoto releuauit obsequio, releuatum fideli et amico confortauit consilio. Cumque diebus paucis apud eum perendinarte Benedictus tam familiaris tam amicus ei effectus est, ut eum semper dereliquio quamdiu superfuit predictus Eduuardus ut amicum coleret, ut fratrem diligeret, ut patrem ut dominum honoraret. "(Burton / Lockyer, pp. 24-5)
6. ↑ Burton / Lockyer, p. Xi
7. ^ Morris 1918, p. 147
8. ↑ James Parker (1834-1912), Early History of Oxford, p. 246
9. ↑ Davis, No. 247, 283, 292-4
10. ↑ White, p. 374
11. ^ Davis, no. 135, 137
12. ^ Herbert Edward Salter (1863-1951), A Dated Charter of Henry I, in: The English Historical Review 26 (1911), pp. 489-90.
13. ^ William Farrer, An Outline Itinerary of King Henry the First, No. 173, p. 41
14. ↑ [1]
15. ↑ Domesday Translation, Surrey, XXVII, p. 86, Hampshire, XXVII, p. 111, Wiltshire, XXIIII, pp. 176-8, Dorset, XXXI, p. 215, Hertfordshire, XXXII, p. 385
16. ^ Katherine SB Keats-Rohan, Domesday People, 1999, p. 186
17. ↑ Burton / Lockyer p. 24, footnote 44
18. ↑ 1 Carucata = approx. 120 acres at 4,046 square meters = 485,520 square meters, i.e. H. 312.5 carucata = 151.725 million square meters = 15172.5 hectares or 151.725 square kilometers
19. ↑ Burton / Lockyer p. 25, footnote 44
20. ^ Ordericus Vitalis , Historia Ecclesiastica IV 357, quoted in Morris 1918
21. ^ Robert William Eyton, Domesday Studies: Analysis and Digest of the Dorset Survey, 1878, p. 77
22. ↑ In fact, Roumare was not a county but a lordship
23. ↑ Erat quidam miles strenuus Normannus, Walterus le Ewrus, Comes de Rosmar, qui proper probitatem suam Rex Guil. Conq. dedit totum dominium des Saresburia et Ambresburia. Antequam is Walterus le Ewrus in Angliam venit, genuit Geroldum, Comitem de Rosmar, Mantelec, ... Postquam Walterus le Ewrus genuit Edwardum, natione Anglicum natum ... , Bowles / Nichols (1835), Appendix I, p. I
24. ^ White, p. 373
25. ↑ Edwardum… genuit… filiam nomine Matildam, quam postea Humphridus de Bhun duxit in uxorem , Edwardum… fathered… a daughter named Matilda, who later married Humphrey de Bohun , Bowles / Nichols, Appendix I, p. I
26. ↑ Bowles / Nichols, p. 20
27. ↑ Edwardum… genuit… filium nomine Walterum de Saresburia , Edward… fathered a son named Walter von Salisbury , Bowles / Nichols, Appendix I, p. I
28. ↑ White, p. 374
29. ↑ Iste Walterus de Sareburia duxit uxorem nomine Sibillam de Cadurcis , Bowles / Nichols, p. 20, and Appendix I, p. I

literature

• William Lisle Bowles , John Gough Nichols, Annals and Antiquities of Lacock Abbey , London 1835, online
• William Dunn Macray (ed.), Chronicon Abbatiae Rameseiensis: A Sæc. X. Usque Ad An. Circiter 1200 , London 1886 online
• William Alfred Morris (1875-1946), "The Office of Sheriff in the Early Norman Period", The English Historical Review 33 (1918), pp. 145-75 online
• William Alfred Morris, "The Sheriffs and the Administrative System of Henri I", The English Historical Review 37 (1922), pp. 161-72 online
• Henry William Carless Davis, Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum 1066–1154, I, Oxford 1913
• Geoffrey H. White, The Complete Peerage , 2nd Edition, Volume XI, 1949
• Janet Burton, Lynda Lockyer, Historia Selebiensis Monasterii: The History of the Monastery of Selby , Oxford 2013
• Medieval Lands, English medieval Nobility, Chapter 11. Salisbury online